A comparative study of wire fixation and screw fixation in arthrodesis for the correction of hallux rigidus using an in vitro biomechanical model.

Background: Arthrodesis of the great toe metatarsophalangeal joint for osteoarthritis usually involves internal fixation. Ideally, the fixation method should be reproducible, leading to a high rate of fusion and minimal complications.

Methods: This biomechanical study compares circumferential wire and screw fixation methods of arthrodesis.

Results: The two arthrodesis models have remarkably similar limits of elastic and plastic deformation. However, in the screw, failure by permanent deformation occurs at a load six times higher than the wire.

Conclusions: The use of circumferential wire fixation for osteoporotic bones in which screw purchase is poor is reasonable and for quality bone, screw fixation may be preferable.