Control of residual humic acid and residual aluminium in water with enhanced coagulation was investigated. The influence of various factors on the coagulation was studied, in order to reach the maximum humic acid removal and the minimum aluminium residue simultaneously. Results showed that residual humic acid was controlled below 0.04 cm(-1) and residual aluminium kept at about 0.1 mg/L in water with pH value between 6 and 6.5, the AlCl3 dosage of 0.5 x 10(-3) mol/L, under the temperature of 20 degrees C. Addition 0.01 mol/L of CaCl2 could improve the enhanced coagulation effect. Because the suspended granule concentration changes with seasons, the influence of the kaoline dosage on the humic acid removal process was studied.
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Toxins (Basel)
December 2024
Environmental Technology and Water Resources Postgraduate Program, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
The frequency and intensity of harmful cyanobacterial blooms have increased in the last decades, posing a risk to public health since conventional water treatments do not effectively remove extracellular cyanotoxins. Consequently, advanced technologies such as the Fenton process are required to ensure water safety. The cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN) demands special attention, as it is abundant in the extracellular fraction and has a high toxicological potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMembranes (Basel)
November 2024
College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
This study investigated membrane fouling issues associated with the operation of a submerged ultrafiltration membrane in a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) and optimized the associated chemical cleaning strategies. By analyzing the surface components of the membrane foulant and the compositions of the membrane cleaning solution, the primary causes of membrane fouling were identified. Membrane fouling control strategies suitable for the DWTP were evaluated through chemical cleaning tests conducted for bench-scale, full-scale, and engineering cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeerJ
December 2024
Center of Microbiome Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
Recovered microbial community structure is known to be influenced by sample storage conditions and nucleic acid extraction methods, and the impact varies by sample type. Peat soils store a large portion of soil carbon and their microbiomes mediate climate feedbacks. Here, we tested three storage conditions and five extraction protocols on peat soils from three physicochemically distinct habitats in Stordalen Mire, Sweden, revealing significant methodological impacts on microbial (here, meaning bacteria and archaea) community structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuan Jing Ke Xue
January 2025
School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China.
To explore the source information and composition characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in different regions of water bodies in northern cities, considering the urban water system of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province as an example, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and three-dimensional fluorescence parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) were used to explain the optical parameters, abundance, and proportion of different components of DOM in water bodies of different regions. The results showed that: ① The concentrations of NO-N, NO-N, NH-N, TN, TP, and COD in the upstream were significantly lower than those in urban water bodies and downstream (<0.01), and TSI increased after the water entered the city.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
December 2024
Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, India.
Biochar is a carbon-rich, sponge-like material with intricate functionalities, making it suitable for various environmental remediation applications, including water treatment, soil amendment and, additives in construction materials, anaerobic digesters, and electrodes, among others. Its easy adaptability and low cost make it particularly attractive. This review highlights a range of biochar and surface-modified biochar exhibiting high uptake and degradation efficiencies for a broad spectrum of contaminants, including humic acid, disinfection by-products (DBPs), radioactive materials, dyes, heavy metals, antibiotics, microplastics, pathogens, Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and cytotoxins.
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