There are many papers devoted to placebo and placebo effects. The present article tries to provide a precise definition of these concepts and to take stock of our knowledge on this topic. Considering that most of the publications dealing with this phenomon are of poor scientific quality, some authors deny its existence. However recent findings in neuroscience show that it is a reality and explain its mechanisms.
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JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey.
Importance: Clinical trials are vital for advancing cancer treatments and improving patient outcomes. Understanding the factors that influence participants' decision-making is critical for enhancing trial recruitment.
Objective: To evaluate the attitudes of patients with cancer and their relatives toward clinical trial participation, identifying key barriers and motivators that affect their willingness to engage in such trials.
NEJM Evid
February 2025
DURECT Corporation, Cupertino, CA.
Background: Larsucosterol is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor in development for alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH), a disease for which there is no approved therapy.
Methods: In this phase 2b trial, patients with severe AH were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to receive 30 mg or 90 mg of larsucosterol or placebo; a second dose was administered after 72 hours if the patient remained hospitalized. All patients received supportive care as determined by investigators.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
January 2025
Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the benefits and harms of dexmedetomidine compared with opioids, non-opioids and placebo in providing sedation and analgesia for procedural pain in newborn infants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCJC Open
January 2025
Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Background: Preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) as one of the most significant complications of cardiovascular surgeries remains a major clinical challenge. We conducted a systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, to identify the most effective and safe anti-inflammatory drugs to prevent new-onset POAF.
Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched without language or publication-date restriction on August 8, 2022 (updated on August 8, 2023).
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
January 2025
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China.
Background: The effects of resveratrol supplementation on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were controversial. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the changes in levels of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with T2DM.
Methods: Relevant literatures before November 6, 2024 were screened through Web of Science,Embase,the Cochrane Library and other sources (ClinicalTrials, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses).
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