In addition to the free protein amino acid l-tyrosine, the expanding young leaves of Inga laurina accumulate high concentrations of three new depsides, galloyl, m-digalloyl, and m-trigalloyl l-tyrosine (1, 2, and 3). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of their spectroscopic properties and through degradation and derivatization experiments. They occur in young leaves at the following dry-weight mass percentages: tyrosine, 10.4%; 1, 3.1%; 2, 5.0%; 3, 1.3%. These concentrations are most consistent with chemical defense during the vulnerable expansion stage of leaf development. Neither free tyrosine nor its galloyl depsides are present in mature leaves.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np060491m | DOI Listing |
Braz J Biol
January 2025
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul - IFRS, Núcleo de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Sertão, RS, Brasil.
The shrub Rubus erythroclados Mart. ex Hook.f.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Eclampsia is among the primary causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in Zanzibar. Many women and men are not aware of the signs, symptoms and causes of eclampsia and may have different explanatory models. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the community understanding of pre-eclampsia, as a key stage to improve maternal and perinatal health in Unguja Island, Zanzibar.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Plant Biol
January 2025
Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment, IMD, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Significant changes in the proteome highlight essential metabolic adaptations for development and oxidative signaling induced by the treatment of young sugarcane plants with hydrogen peroxide. These adaptations suggest that hydrogen peroxide acts not only as a stressor but primarily as a signaling molecule, triggering specific metabolic pathways that regulate growth and plant resilience. Sugarcane is a crucial crop for sugar and ethanol production, often influenced by environmental signals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Chronic pain treatment engagement is dominated by pharmaceutical methods, while previous research has assessed barriers to uptake of non-pharmaceutical treatments, there has not been research one step earlier in the treatment development pipeline; assessing barriers to take part in research that develops non-pharmaceutical chronic pain treatment methods.
Design: A two-phase approach was used to assess barriers and facilitators to research participation for people living with chronic pain. Online focus groups were run in phase 1, generating qualitative data, while phase 2 used the themes identified within phase 1 to assess agreement and disagreement.
BMJ Open
December 2024
Department of Nursing Management, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of.
Background: Burnout among healthcare providers affects their well-being and quality of care. Despite its importance, limited data exist on burnout among primary healthcare providers in Tanzania.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of burnout and associated factors among healthcare providers in Kasulu district, Kigoma region, 2024.
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