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Rhodotorula mucilaginosa: a new potential human pathogen found in the ciliate Paramecium bursaria.
Protoplasma
January 2025
Core Facility Center "Cultivation of Microorganisms", Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation.
Ciliates often form symbiotic associations with other microorganisms, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic. We are now starting to rediscover the symbiotic systems recorded before molecular analysis became available. Here, we provide a morphological and molecular characterization of a symbiotic association between the ciliate Paramecium tritobursaria and the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (syn.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChromomeres, Topologically Associating Domains and Structural Organization of Chromatin Bodies in Somatic Nuclei (Macronuclei) of Ciliates.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
November 2024
Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Background: In the twentieth century, the textbook idea of packaging genomic material in the cell nucleus and metaphase chromosomes was the presence of a hierarchy of structural levels of chromatin organization: nucleosomes - nucleosomal fibrils -30 nm fibrils - chromomeres - chromonemata - mitotic chromosomes. Chromomeres were observed in partially decondensed chromosomes and interphase chromatin as ~100 nm globular structures. They were thought to consist of loops of chromatin fibres attached at their bases to a central protein core.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeterochromatin-dependent transcription links the PRC2 complex to small RNA-mediated DNA elimination.
EMBO Rep
January 2025
Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 4, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
Facultative heterochromatin is marked by the repressive histone modification H3K27me3 in eukaryotes. Deposited by the PRC2 complex, H3K27me3 is essential for regulating gene expression during development, and chromatin bearing this mark is generally considered transcriptionally inert. The PRC2 complex has also been linked to programmed DNA elimination during development in ciliates such as Paramecium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe PIWI-interacting protein Gtsf1 controls the selective degradation of small RNAs in Paramecium.
Nucleic Acids Res
January 2025
Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, 15 rue Hélène Brion, F-75013 Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- - Ciliates use a programmed genome elimination process involving small RNAs (scnRNAs) that help remove transposable elements (TEs) from the somatic nucleus during development.
- - scnRNAs are produced from the germline genome and transported to the maternal somatic nucleus, where scnRNAs corresponding to germline-specific sequences are selected for degradation.
- - The study identifies Gtsf1 as necessary for the selective degradation of scnRNAs tied to retained sequences, suggesting it works alongside the Ptiwi09 protein in the somatic nucleus to regulate this elimination process through a mechanism similar to microRNA degradation in other organisms.
Unveiling the GT114 family: Structural characterization of A075L, a glycosyltransferase from Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus-1 (PBCV-1).
Protein Sci
December 2024
Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Derio, Spain.
Protein A075L is a β-xylosyltransferase that participates in producing the core of the N-glycans found in VP54, the major viral capsid protein of Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus-1 (PBCV-1). In this study, we present an X-ray crystallographic analysis of the apo form of A075L, along with its complexes with the sugar donor and with a trisaccharide acceptor. The protein structure shows a typical GT-B folding, with two Rossmann-like fold domains, in which the acceptor substrate binds to the N-terminal region, and the nucleotide-sugar donor binds to the C-terminal region.
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