Although glial cells missing (gcm) genes are known as glial determinants in the fly embryo, the role of vertebrate orthologs in the central nervous system is still under debate. Here we show for the first time that the chicken ortholog of fly gcm (herein referred to as c-Gcm1), is expressed in early neuronal lineages of the developing spinal cord and is required for neural progenitors to differentiate as neurons. Moreover, c-Gcm1 overexpression is sufficient to trigger cell cycle exit and neuronal differentiation in neural progenitors. Thus, c-Gcm1 expression constitutes a crucial step in the developmental cascade that prompts progenitors to generate neurons: c-Gcm1 acts downstream of proneural (neurogenin) and progenitor (Sox1-3) factors and upstream of NeuroM neuronal differentiation factor. Strikingly, this neurogenic role is not specific to the vertebrate gene, as fly gcm and gcm2 are also sufficient to induce the expression of neuronal markers. Interestingly, the neurogenic role is restricted to post-embryonic stages and we identify two novel brain neuronal lineages expressing and requiring gcm genes. Finally, we show that fly gcm and the chick and mouse orthologs induce expression of neural markers in HeLa cells. These data, which demonstrate a conserved neurogenic role for Gcm transcription factors, call for a re-evaluation of the mode of action of these genes during evolution.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.02750 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN.
Migraine, marked by moderate to severe headaches, is frequently accompanied by reversible neurological symptoms. Recent studies have revealed a complex and significant relationship between psychological factors and the onset and progression of migraine. Personality traits, such as neuroticism and harm avoidance, play a crucial role in the development, progression, and treatment outcomes of migraines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural Regen Res
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is linked to memory formation In the adult brain, with new neurons in the hippocampus exhibiting greater plasticity during their immature stages compared to mature neurons. Abnormal adult hippocampal neurogenesis is closely associated with cognitive impairment in central nervous system diseases. Targeting and regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis have been shown to improve cognitive deficits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
December 2024
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical College Yantai 264003, China Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China.
This article explored the specific mechanism by which ginsenoside Rg_1 regulates cellular autophagy to attenuate hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R) injury in HL-1 cardiomyocytes through the microRNA155(miR-155)/neurogenic gene Notch homologous protein 1(Notch1)/hairy and enhancer of split 1(Hes1) pathway. An HL-1 cell model with H/R injury was constructed, and ginsenoside Rg_1 and/or Notch1 inhibitor DAPT and miR-155 mimics were used to treat cells. Cell counting kit(CCK)-8 was used to detect the relative viability of HL-1 cells with H/R injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurourol Urodyn
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Introduction And Objective: Observable autonomous rhythmic changes in intravesical pressure, termed bladder wall micromotion, is a phenomenon that has been linked to urinary urgency, the key symptom in overactive bladder (OAB). However, the mechanism through which micromotion drives urinary urgency is poorly understood. In addition, micromotion is inherently difficult to study in human urodynamics due to challenges distinguishing it from normal cyclic physiologic processes such as pulse rate, breathing, rectal contractions, and ureteral jetting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy.
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive loss of neurons and persistent inflammation. Neurons are terminally differentiated cells, and lost neurons cannot be replaced since neurogenesis is restricted to only two neurogenic niches in the adult brain, whose neurogenic potential decreases with age. In this regard, the astrocytes reprogramming into neurons may represent a promising strategy for restoring the lost neurons and rebuilding neural circuits.
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