The discovery of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2/caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15 (NOD2/CARD15) as the first susceptibility gene in Crohn's disease (CD) has shifted the focus of research into the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) firmly to the innate immune response and the integrity of the epithelial barrier. The subsequent implication in IBD of variant alleles of OCTN, DLG5, MDR1, and TLRs has provided further support for a new, more complex model of innate immunity function in the gastrointestinal tract. In this review, we examine the recent advances in our understanding of the influence of genetics of the innate immune response on IBD. We will focus on germline variation of genes encoding pathogen-recognition receptors, proteins involved in epithelial homeostasis and secreted antimicrobial proteins.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ibd.20096 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
NRP1 instructs IL-17-producing ILC3s to drive colitis progression.
Cell Mol Immunol
January 2025
Department of oncology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Sex Hormones and Diseases; Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) control tissue homeostasis and orchestrate mucosal inflammation; however, the precise mechanisms governing ILC3 activity are fully understood. Here, we identified the transmembrane protein neuropilin-1 (NRP1) as a positive regulator of interleukin (IL)-17-producing ILC3s in the intestine. NRP1 was markedly upregulated in intestinal mucosal biopsies from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared with healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFine-tuning SLE treatment: the potential of selective TYK2 inhibition.
RMD Open
December 2024
The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), adaptive immunity is activated by the stimulation of innate immunity, leading to the development of autoreactive T cells and activation and differentiation of B cells. Cytokine signalling plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of this disease. In particular, the differentiation and function of CD4+ T cell subsets, which play a central role in SLE pathology, are significantly altered by cytokine stimulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDynamics of immune responses following duck Tembusu virus infection in adult laying ducks reveal the effect of age-related immune variation on disease severity.
Poult Sci
December 2024
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 10330; Center of Excellence for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 10330; Center of Excellence in Animal Vector-Borne Diseases, Veterinary Parasitology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 10330; Center of Excellence of Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 10330. Electronic address:
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), an emerging avian pathogenic flavivirus, is notably associated with neurological disorders and acute egg drop syndrome in ducks. We previously demonstrated that the susceptibility of ducks to DTMUV infection varies significantly with age, with younger ducks (4-week-old) exhibiting more severe disease than older ducks (27-week-old). However, the immunological mechanisms underlying these age-related differences in disease severity remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRebalancing immune homeostasis in combating disease: The impact of medicine food homology plants and gut microbiome.
Phytomedicine
October 2024
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China. Electronic address:
Background: Gut microbiota plays an important role in multiple human physiological processes and an imbalance in it, including the species, abundance, and metabolites can lead to diseases. These enteric microorganisms modulate immune homeostasis by presenting a myriad of antigenic determinants and microbial metabolites. Medicinal and food homologous (MFH) plants, edible herbal materials for both medicine and food, are important parts of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflammation and mechanical force-induced bone remodeling.
Periodontol 2000
December 2024
Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Periodontitis arises from imbalanced host-microbe interactions, leading to dysbiosis and destructive inflammation. The host's innate and adaptive immune responses produce pro-inflammatory mediators that stimulate destructive events, which cause loss of alveolar bone and connective tissue attachment. There is no consensus on the factors that lead to a conversion from gingivitis to periodontitis, but one possibility is the proximity of the inflammation to the bone, which promotes bone resorption and inhibits subsequent bone formation during coupled bone formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!