Respiratory disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). In such patients chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is virtually impossible to eradicate using antibiotic therapy. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) could be one potential alternative antimicrobial method. As photosensitisers could be delivered to the lungs of CF patients via inhalation, the current in vitro study investigated the potential use of PACT in the treatment of P. aeruginosa CF pulmonary infection. Delivery of red light (635 nm) and two photosensitisers (toluidine blue O (TBO) and meso-tetra (N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphine tetra tosylate (TMP)) across artificial CF mucus was successfully achieved. Artificial CF mucus reduced the measured fluence of incident light in an almost exponential manner with increasing depth. The presence of dissolved photosensitisers also reduced light fluence. TMP diffused more efficiently across artificial CF mucus than TBO. However, receiver compartment concentrations of both drugs after 6 h were of the same order as those required to achieve high rates of kill (>99%) of P. aeruginosa isolates growing both planktonically and in biofilms. TMP required significantly higher concentrations (2.5 mg ml(-1)) than TBO to achieve high rates of kill (>99%) of P. aeruginosa isolates growing planktonically. Higher concentrations (5.0 mg ml(-1)) of both photosensitisers were required to achieve high rates of kill (>99%) of P. aeruginosa isolates growing in biofilms. When photosensitisers were prepared in artificial mucus, higher concentrations were required to achieve reasonably high kill rates (>80%) of P. aeruginosa (PAO1) growing both planktonically and in biofilm.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.11.010 | DOI Listing |
Adv Mater
January 2025
CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
Shark skin features superhydrophilic and riblet-textured denticles that provide drag reduction, antifouling, and mechanical protection. The artificial riblet structures exhibit drag reduction capabilities in turbulent flow. However, the effects of the surface wettability of shark denticles and the cavity region underneath the denticle crown on drag reduction remain insufficiently explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
December 2024
Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
is a major cause of chronic respiratory infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), with biofilm formation contributing to its persistence and antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to gain insights into the mechanistic action of succinic acid as a ciprofloxacin adjuvant against clinically relevant CF isolates, including small colony variants and mucoid strains, and a ciprofloxacin-resistant strain grown within CF dense mucus. Time-kill assays in artificial CF mucus, along with planktonic and surface-attached biofilm experiments, were used to assess the activity of succinic acid alone and in combination with sublethal ciprofloxacin concentrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostics (Basel)
December 2024
Computer Science Department, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
: In the United States, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant cause of mortality. As far as we know, it is a chronic, inflammatory lung condition that cuts off airflow to the lungs. Many symptoms have been reported for such a disease: breathing problems, coughing, wheezing, and mucus production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
January 2025
Aquaculture Program, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), La Ràpita, Spain.
European eel is considered a "critically endangered" species due to its population decline (c.a. 98 %) in all European waters, primarily because human activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm
January 2025
College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA. Electronic address:
Intranasal drug administration offers a promising strategy for delivering combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) directly to the central nervous system to treat NeuroAIDS, leveraging the nose-to-brain route to bypass the blood-brain barrier. However, challenges such as enzymatic degradation in the nasal mucosa, low permeability, and mucociliary clearance within the nasal cavity must first be addressed to make this route feasible. To overcome these barriers, this study developed solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with varying PEGylation levels (0 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 15 % w/w of PEGylated lipid), co-encapsulated with Elvitegravir (EVG) and Atazanavir (ATZ) as an integrase and protease inhibitor, respectively.
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