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A family-based behavioral group obesity randomized control feasibility trial across a clinical trials network: a focus on contact hours.
J Pediatr Psychol
January 2025
Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
Objective: This ancillary study's purpose is to describe the relationship between dose of treatment and body mass index (BMI) outcomes in a tele-behavioral health program delivered in the IDeA States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network to children and their families living in rural communities.
Methods: Participants randomized to the intervention were able to receive 26 contact hours (15 hr of group sessions and 11 hr of individual sessions) of material focused on nutrition, physical activity, and behavioral caregiver training delivered via interactive televideo. Dose of the intervention received by child/caregiver dyads (n = 52) from rural areas was measured as contact hours.
A Comparison of Different Machine Learning Classifiers in Predicting Xerostomia and Sticky Saliva due to Head and Neck Radiotherapy using a Multi-objective, Multimodal Radiomics Model.
Biomed Phys Eng Express
January 2025
Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Emory Midtown Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, UNITED STATES.
Although radiotherapy techniques are the primary treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC), they are still associated with substantial toxicity, and side effect. Machine learning (ML) based radiomics models for predicting toxicity mostly rely on features extracted from pre-treatment imaging data. This study aims to compare different models in predicting radiation-induced xerostomia and sticky saliva in both early and late stage of HNC patients using CT and MRI image features along with demographics and dosimetric information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFControlled human infection studies accelerate vaccine development.
J Infect Dis
January 2025
Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
Clinical trials that employ human challenge, also known as controlled human infection models (CHIM), have rapidly advanced vaccine development for multiple pathogens, including at least 30 disease models to date. CHIM studies, championed by networks of researchers, regulators, ethicists, technical experts, and other stakeholders, limit exposure of individuals to an investigational product, de-risk product investments, identify correlates of protection, and most importantly provide a prompt readout of vaccine efficacy. While CHIM studies provide multiple advantages, important challenges exist, including strengthening the relevance and comparability of CHIM study results to efficacy trials in endemic areas, particularly in resource-limited settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlasma phosphorylated tau217 strongly associates with memory deficits in the Alzheimer's disease spectrum.
Brain
January 2025
Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, H3A 2B4, Montreal, Canada.
Plasma phosphorylated tau biomarkers open unprecedented opportunities for identifying carriers of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology in early disease stages using minimally invasive techniques. Plasma p-tau biomarkers are believed to reflect tau phosphorylation and secretion. However, it remains unclear to what extent the magnitude of plasma p-tau abnormalities reflects neuronal network disturbance in the form of cognitive impairment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPopulation-level Impact of HPV Vaccination on the Incidence of Genital Warts in Sweden.
J Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
Background: Sweden introduced HPV vaccination in 2006, administered through opportunistic, subsidized, catch-up and school-based programs. Notably, genital warts (GW) are the first observable clinical outcome following infection by HPV-6/11, targeted by vaccination. We aim to gain knowledge of the incidence of GW in Sweden and evaluate its change throughout vaccination programs.
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