Thalassemia major patients are transfusion dependent; they are at high risk of post transfusion viral infections including Hepatitis B virus (HBV). The present study was undertaken to find out the proportion of HBV infection among multiple transfused patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted among thalassemic children of either sex between 2 to 13 years of age, who attended the tertiary care hospital (G. G. Hospital, Jamnagar). Subjects were divided according to number of transfusions and the immunization status. HBsAg was detected by ELISA. Of 90 patients 6 (6.6%) were positive for HBsAg. Of 29 patients who had received above hundred transfusions 3 (10.34%) were sero-positive for HBV. Un-immunized patients were at double risk for acquiring HBV infection. This study suggests that the screening of blood of donors for HBV should be strictly followed and implementation of immunization against HBV is a must, especially in a high-risk group like thallasemic patients.
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