Glutamate is one of the main neurotransmitters in the retina. Its effects are mediated by a large number of ionotropic and metabotropic membrane receptors. The distribution of ionotropic AMPA receptor subunits GluR1-4, kainate receptor subunits GluR5-7 and KA2, delta receptors 1-2, as well as the metabotropic receptor mGluR6 were studied in the frog retina. Indirect immunofluorescence was used to localize the different receptor subunits. Results showed that all subunits, with the exception of GluR1 and GluR5, are widely distributed in the retina. They are mainly located in both plexiform layers: the outer (OPL) and the inner one (IPL), where punctate labelling, a sign of synaptic localization, is observed. The metabotropic receptor mGluR6 is localised only in the OPL. The AMPA receptor subunit GluR4 is localised on the glial Müller cells of the retina. The vast majority of the subunits possess specific patterns of labelling that indicate that they are involved with different retinal functions. The significance of the AMPA receptors and involvement of glia in modulation of synaptic transmission are discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acthis.2006.10.004 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Alpelisib is a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer with (phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit α) mutation. In recent years a number of adverse effects have been observed to be associated with this therapy, the most notable of which is hyperglycemia. A literature search was conducted to include case studies, case series, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses within the last 10 years that evaluated patients with mutated hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative metastatic breast cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation Between GABRG2 and Self-Rating of the Effects of Alcohol in a French Young Adult Sample.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy
January 2025
Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), Team Vulnerability of Psychiatric and Addictive Disorders, Paris, France.
Purpose: Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for preventable death, injury, and disease globally. Low sensitivity to the effects of alcohol is influenced by genes and predicts risk for harmful alcohol use and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Alcohol induces effects partly by modulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors type A (GABARs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ENaC taste receptor's perceived mechanism of mushroom salty peptides revealed by molecular interaction analysis.
NPJ Sci Food
January 2025
Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 201403, China.
The ENaC receptor acts as a taste receptor to recognize and perceive salty substances. This study explored the mechanisms by which the ENaC taste receptor recognizes and binds mushroom-derived salty peptides using molecular interaction and molecular simulation. The three subunits α, β, and γ of the ENaC taste receptor (SCNN1α, SCNN1β, and SCNN1γ) showed different recognition characteristics for the salty peptide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHawkmoth pheromone transduction involves G protein-dependent phospholipase Cβ signaling.
eNeuro
January 2025
University of Kassel, 34132 Kassel, Germany.
Evolutionary pressures adapted insect chemosensation to the respective insect's physiological needs and tasks in their ecological niches. Solitary nocturnal moths rely on their acute olfactory sense to find mates at night. Pheromones are detected with maximized sensitivity and high temporal resolution through mechanisms that are mostly unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActivation of G protein gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels in keratinocytes mediates peripheral kappa opioid receptor-mediated antinociception.
Neuropharmacology
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA. Electronic address:
Kappa opioid receptors (KOR) expressed by peripheral pain-sensing neurons (nociceptors) are a promising target for development of effective and safer analgesics for inflammatory pain that are devoid of central nervous system adverse effects. Here we sought to delineate the signaling pathways that underlie peripheral KOR-mediated antinociception in adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. In an inflammatory model of pain, local intraplantar (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!