Three strains of gliding bacteria, 24(T), 62 and 71, isolated from a marine sponge and algae from the southern coastline of Thailand, were studied using a polyphasic approach to clarify their taxonomic positions. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the three isolates formed a distinct lineage within the family 'Saprospiraceae' of the phylum Bacteroidetes and were related to members of the genus Saprospira. The G+C contents of the isolates were in the range 38-39 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was MK-7. The predominant cellular fatty acids were 20 : 4omega6c (arachidonic acid), 16 : 0 and iso-17 : 0. On the basis of morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, together with DNA-DNA hybridization data and 16S rRNA gene sequences, the isolates represent a novel species of a novel genus, for which the name Aureispira marina gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Aureispira marina is 24(T) (=IAM 15389(T)=TISTR 1719(T)).
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Determination of double bond configuration of 2-hydroxy-fatty acids and emendation of cellular fatty acid composition of Aureispira marina and Aureispira maritima.
J Gen Appl Microbiol
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Department of Biosciences, College of Science and Engineering, Kanto Gakuin University.
Article Synopsis
- Aureispira marina is a marine bacterium with the ability to glide, found along Thailand's southern coast, notable for containing ceramide as a primary lipid.
- Previous research identified the structure of its unsaturated 2-hydroxy-fatty acid but did not clarify its double bond configuration.
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Chemical characterization of ceramides isolated from a gliding marine bacterium Aureispira marina.
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Department of Microbial Resources, Tohoku University Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Sendai, Japan.
Ceramides containing 2-hydroxy fatty acids were purified from a gliding marine bacterium Aureispira marina, and their chemical structure was investigated. The ceramide molecules contained 2-hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecanoic acid and 2-hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecenoic acid, and the double bond of the latter fatty acid was proved to be located between the positions C3 and C4. The major portion of these 2-hydroxy fatty acids was determined to have D-configuration (S-configuration) after diastereomeric derivatization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetection of 2-hydroxy-fatty acids and 2-hydroxy-fatty acid-containing ceramides in a gliding marine bacterium Aureispira marina.
J Gen Appl Microbiol
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The cellular fatty acid composition of Aureispira marina IAM 15389 (JCM 23197), a gliding bacterium isolated from the coastline of Thailand, was re-examined by using a standard MIDI method based on alkaline hydrolysis, and two other methods. The direct transesterification using 5% HCl/methanol or 4 M HCl hydrolysis followed by methyl esterification revealed that 2-hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecanoic acid (2-OH-iso-C) and 2-hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecenoic acid (2-OH-iso-C), which were not reported in a previous paper, were found to be major cellular fatty acids of this bacterium, and the amount of 2-OH-iso-C was even higher than that of arachidonic acid (C), a characteristic polyunsaturated fatty acid present in this bacterium. These 2-hydroxy-fatty acids were contained in two cellular lipids that were relatively stable against alkaline hydrolysis.
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Mar Genomics
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Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 10 Persiaran Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia; School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
The genus Aureispira consisting of two species, Aureispira marina and Aureispira maritima is an arachidonic acid-producing bacterium and produces secondary metabolites. In this study, we isolated a new Aureispira strain, Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1 from coastal area of Penang, Malaysia and the genome sequence of this strain was determined.
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Kyowa Hakko Bio Co. Ltd., Bioprocess Development Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0841, Japan.
Arachidonic acid (ARA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and an essential component of membrane lipids. However, the PUFA synthase required for ARA biosynthesis has not been identified in any organism. To identify the PUFA synthase producing ARA, we determined the draft genome sequence of the marine bacterium Aureispira marina, which produces a high level of ARA, and found a gene cluster encoding a putative PUFA synthase for ARA production.
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