Scientific progress results from conflicts about the existence of new phenomena. Two theorems are formulated: Whatever is predicted by a sufficiently famous theorist will be discovered independently of whether it exists or not. Thus the criterion for existence of a phenomenon is not its discovery but rather its reproducibility! Whatever is "discovered" by a sufficiently famous experimentalist will be explained independently of its existence. Thus the criterion for understanding a phenomenon is not an explanation but rather the unanimous acceptance of one single explanation. It is argued that the optimal intention of scientists is to be critical but not rigid and at the same time open but not credulous. Since the intentions "open" and "critical" are in opposition, the historical path of science often oscillates between the two extremes "credulous" and "rigid". This is demonstrated by historical examples and applied to the special case of water.
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J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California-San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 675 18th Street, San Francisco, CA 94107.
Background: People with schizophrenia spectrum disorders are at elevated risk of HIV, and people with both HIV and schizophrenia are at elevated risk of death compared to individuals with either diagnosis alone. Limited research has assessed the HIV care cascade, and in particular retention in care, among people with HIV (PWH) and schizophrenia in the U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrugs
January 2025
Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
The rise of antimicrobial resistance represents a significant global health threat, driven by the diminishing efficacy of existing antibiotics, a lack of novel antibacterials entering the market, and an over- or misuse of existing antibiotics, which accelerates the evolution of resistant bacterial strains. This review focuses on innovative therapies by highlighting 19 novel antibacterials in clinical development as of June 2024. These selected compounds are characterized by new chemical scaffolds, novel molecular targets, and/or unique mechanisms of action, which render their potential to break antimicrobial resistance particularly high.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Pediatr
January 2025
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Background: We performed an umbrella review to synthesize evidence on the effects of physical activity (PA) interventions on indicators of physical and psychological health among children and adolescents, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), depressive symptoms, and cognitive function.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from inception through 31 July 2023. We included meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials exploring the effects of PA interventions on BMI, BP, depressive symptoms, or cognitive function in healthy or general children and adolescents.
Dokl Biochem Biophys
January 2025
Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia.
Unlabelled: The association of the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, depression, anxiety, and cognitive disorders with neurotrophin-3 deficiency determines the prospect of creating drugs with a similar mechanism of action. Since the use of full-length NT-3 is limited by unsatisfactory pharmacokinetic properties, the creation of low-molecular mimetics of neurotrophin-3 that are active when administered systemically is relevant. The Federal Research Center for Innovator and Emerging Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies has created a dimeric dipeptide mimetic of the 4th loop of NT-3, hexamethylenediamide bis-(N-γ-oxybutyryl-L-glutamyl-L-asparagine) with the laboratory code GTS-302, which activates TrkC and TrkB receptors.
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