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The effects of paced breathing on psychological distress vulnerability and heart rate variability in adults sustaining traumatic injury.
J Affect Disord
January 2025
Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; John Walsh Centre Rehabilitation Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Background: Traumatic physical injuries can lead to psychological distress and increased risk of psychiatric disorders, often reflected in dysregulated autonomic responses measurable through heart rate variability (HRV). Slow-paced breathing has shown potential in enhancing HRV, but its effectiveness in injured survivors remains unexplored. This study investigates the effect of slow-paced breathing on HRV among injured survivors compared to non-injured individuals and explores the influence of psychological distress and spontaneous respiratory rate on this effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombining a guided self-help and brief alcohol intervention to improve mental health and reduce substance use among refugee men in Uganda: a cluster-randomized feasibility trial.
Glob Ment Health (Camb)
November 2024
Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Evidence on the effectiveness and implementation of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) interventions for men in humanitarian settings is limited. Moreover, engagement and retention of men in such interventions has been challenging. Adaptations may therefore be required to improve the appropriateness and acceptability of these interventions for men.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeta-Analysis: Prevalence of Youth Mental Disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Glob Ment Health (Camb)
November 2024
Shamiri Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
Youth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face limited access to professional mental health resources. A comprehensive assessment of the prevalence of mental disorders would build an understanding of the scope of the need. We conducted systematic searches in PsycInfo, Pubmed, AfriBib and Africa Journals Online to identify prevalence rates for five disorders (anxiety, depression, conduct disorder, attention problems and post-traumatic stress) among SSA youth with a mean age of less than 19 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComputational modeling of fear and stress responses: validation using consolidated fear and stress protocols.
Front Syst Neurosci
December 2024
Universidade Federal de Goias, School of Electrical, Mechanical and Computer Engineering, Goiânia, Brazil.
Dysfunction in fear and stress responses is intrinsically linked to various neurological diseases, including anxiety disorders, depression, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Previous studies using in vivo models with Immediate-Extinction Deficit (IED) and Stress Enhanced Fear Learning (SEFL) protocols have provided valuable insights into these mechanisms and aided the development of new therapeutic approaches. However, assessing these dysfunctions in animal subjects using IED and SEFL protocols can cause significant pain and suffering.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDentate gyrus norepinephrine ramping facilitates aversive contextual processing.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Dysregulation in aversive contextual processing is believed to affect several forms of psychopathology, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The dentate gyrus (DG) is an important brain region in contextual discrimination and disambiguation of new experiences from prior memories. The DG also receives dense projections from the locus coeruleus (LC), the primary source of norepinephrine (NE) in the mammalian brain, which is active during stressful events.
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