A cell can regulate how it interacts with its external environment by controlling the number of plasma membrane receptors that are accessible for ligand stimulation. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest superfamily of cell surface receptors and have a significant role in physiological and pathological processes. Much research effort is now focused on understanding how GPCRs are delivered to the cell surface to enhance the number of 'bioavailable' receptors accessible for activation. Knowing how such processes are triggered or modified following induction of various pathological states will inevitably identify new therapeutic strategies for treating various diseases, including chronic pain. Here, we highlight recent advances in this field, and provide examples of the importance of such trafficking events in pain.
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Weighing In: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonism for Persons With HIV.
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Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Weight gain among persons with HIV PWH) on contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) can extend beyond an initial return-to-health phenomenon and lead to overweight/obesity in the first 1 to 2 years, resulting in enhanced cardiometabolic risk. Factors that may contribute to increased weight gain include specific ART regimens (those initiating dolutegravir and tenofovir alafenamide or withdrawing tenofovir disoproxil and efavirenz), women with HIV, and certain virologic factors including lower baseline CD4 count and higher HIV viral load. Weight reduction starting at 5% body weight confers metabolic protection, such as improved hypertension and dysglycemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeted deletion of the pancreatic β-cell oxytocin receptor and its effects on metabolic regulation and β-cell health.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States.
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) and its receptor (OXTR) have been shown to play an important role in glucose metabolism, and pancreatic islets express this ligand and receptor. In the current study, OXTR expression was identified in α-, β-, and δ-cells of the pancreatic islet by RNA hybridization, and OXT protein expression was observed only in β-cells. In order to examine the contribution of islet OXT/OXTR in glycemic control and islet β-cell heath, we developed a β-cell specific OXTR knock-out (β-KO) mouse.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy and safety of chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting BCMA and GPRC5D in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
Front Immunol
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Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Background: Clinical studies have demonstrated the high efficacy of using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and orphan G protein-coupled receptor, class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) to treat relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). In this study, we compared the efficacy and safety of BCMA CAR-T-cell therapy (BCMA CAR-T) and GPRC5D CAR T-cell therapy (GPRC5D CAR-T) in patients with RRMM.
Methods: We retrieved and included eligible clinical trials of BCMA or GPRC5D CAR-T for RRMM patients.
Identification and experimental validation of diagnostic and prognostic genes CX3CR1, PID1 and PTGDS in sepsis and ARDS using bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analysis and machine learning.
Front Immunol
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Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Background: Sepsis is an uncontrolled reaction to infection that causes severe organ dysfunction and is a primary cause of ARDS. Patients suffering both sepsis and ARDS have a poor prognosis and high mortality. However, the mechanisms behind their simultaneous occurrence are unclear.
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