We report the effects of monitored smoking cessation on adrenergic regulation in chronic smokers. The beta 2 adrenoceptor density of mononuclear leukocytes (MNLs) and plasma catecholamines was analyzed before cessation and 2, 3, and 8 weeks after cessation. We found a progressive increase in beta-adrenoceptor density after smoking cessation. During smoking the beta-adrenoceptor density was 1.456 +/- 83 (mean +/- SEM) binding sites per cell (n = 10), whereas 3 weeks after cessation the density was 1,774 +/- 157 sites per cell (n = 10; p less than 0.05), and at 8 weeks, 1,900 +/- 227 sites per cell (n = 8; p less than 0.05), representing an overall increase of 23%. Smoking cessation had no effect on binding affinity nor on lymphocyte subgroup distribution. The density of MNL cell beta-adrenoceptors in age-matched nonsmoking men was higher, at 1,896 +/- 271 sites per cell, than that of the chronic smokers before cessation, 1,419 +/- 117 sites per cell (n = 14; p less than 0.01). Plasma epinephrine decreased as a result of cessation from 0.36 pmol/ml (0.26-0.44, 95% confidence interval; baseline) to 0.26 pmol/ml (0.20-0.32) at 8 weeks (p less than 0.05), and norepinephrine decreased from 2.09 pmol/ml (1.38-2.80) to 1.69 pmol/ml (1.14-2.24; p = 0.06). We conclude that stopping smoking progressively increases beta 2-adrenoceptor density on MNL cells. Eight weeks after cessation the adrenoceptor density reaches the corresponding level of nonsmokers. These reversible changes in adrenergic regulation after smoking cessation may be associated with the relatively rapid reduction in cardiovascular disease risk among ex-smokers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005344-199106000-00010 | DOI Listing |
Curr Oncol
December 2024
Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and delayed detection contributes to poor outcomes. Primary care plays a crucial role in early diagnosis, but detecting lung cancer early remains challenging for general practitioners (GPs). Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to identify optimal strategies and pathways for lung cancer screening (LCS) in primary care settings globally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Sci
December 2024
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Psychology (IPsiUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Introduction: In women, smoking during pregnancy and the postpartum period has important consequences for maternal and infant health, and interventions to assist smoking cessation during this period are essential. Although smoking has been associated with the presence of mental health problems, few studies addressing the factors associated with perinatal smoking have examined the role of stress. The aim of this review was to identify the relationships between the presence of stress and smoking during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStats (Basel)
September 2024
Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA.
Background: Previous research has identified differences in e-cigarette use and socioeconomic factors between different racial groups However, there is little research examining specific risk factors contributing to the racial differences.
Objective: This study sought to identify racial disparities in e-cigarette use and to determine risk factors that help explain these differences.
Methods: We used Wave 5 (2018-2019) of the Adult Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.
Discov Ment Health
January 2025
Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Hippocratespad 21, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Smoking is highly prevalent and persistent among people with mental illness, but implementation of smoking cessation care by mental healthcare professionals (MHCPs) is lagging behind. This study took a broad approach to understanding implementation of stop smoking support (SSS) by MHCPs (N = 220 for main analyses), incorporating background characteristics, psychosocial factors, client factors, and organizational/environmental factors. Variable selection was based on previous work and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFN Z Med J
January 2025
Professor, Department of Public Health, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington.
Aim: In February 2024, the Aotearoa New Zealand Government repealed legislation to mandate very low nicotine cigarettes (VLNCs), greatly reduce the number of tobacco retailers and disallow sale of tobacco products to people born after 2008 (smokefree generation). We investigated acceptability and likely impacts of these measures among people who smoke or who recently (≤2 years) quit smoking.
Method: We analysed data from 1,230 participants from Wave 3 (conducted in late 2020 and early 2021) and 615 participants from Wave 3.
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