Percentile ranks were computed for N=262 sex offenders using each of 5 actuarial risk instruments commonly used with adult sex offenders (RRASOR, Static-99, VRAG, SORAG, and MnSOST-R). Mean differences between percentile ranks obtained by different actuarial measures were found to vary inversely with the correlation between the actuarial scores. Following studies of factor analyses of actuarial items, we argue that the discrepancies among actuarial instruments can be substantially accounted for by the way in which the factor Antisocial Behavior and various factors reflecting sexual deviance are represented among the items contained in each instrument. In the discussion, we provide guidance to clinicians in resolving discrepancies between instruments and we discuss implications for future developments in sex offender risk assessment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107906320601800408 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
This study quantifies the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on hospitalization for COVID-19 infection in a South African private health insurance population. This retrospective cohort study is based on the analysis of demographic and claims records for 550,332 individuals belonging to two health insurance funds between 1 March 2020 and 31 December 2022. A Cox Proportional Hazards model was used to estimate the impact of vaccination (non-vaccinated, partly vaccinated, fully vaccinated) on COVID-19 hospitalization risk; and zero-inflated negative binomial models were used to estimate the impact of vaccination on hospital utilization and hospital expenditure for COVID-19 infection, with adjustments for age, sex, comorbidities and province of residence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStat Med
February 2025
Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
Brain imaging data is one of the primary predictors for assessing the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aims to extract image-based features associated with the possibly right-censored time-to-event outcomes and to improve predictive performance. While the functional proportional hazards model is well-studied in the literature, these studies often do not consider the existence of patients who have a very low risk and are approximately insusceptible to AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
January 2025
Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
Background: Child malnutrition remains a critical public health problem, with socioeconomic factors playing a significant role. Socioeconomic factors include household income, parental education, and access to healthcare, which influence a child's nutritional status. Despite overall progress in reducing under-five child malnutrition in Kenya, disparities persist.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Jodhpur, IND.
Introduction: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are complex vascular pathologies with a significant risk of hemorrhage. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an effective treatment modality for AVM, initially popularized on the Gamma Knife (Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) platform, and now benefits from the modern advances in linear accelerator (LINAC)-based platforms. This study evaluates the outcomes of LINAC-based SRS/hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (hFSRT) for cerebral AVMs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Musculoskelet Disord
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics, Korea University Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan, Ansan-si, 15355, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Background: Vertebral fractures are a common medical issue. Physical activity helps improve bone health and manage the risk of fractures. However, much controversy exists about the association between physical activity and vertebral fractures.
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