Many assessments of craniofacial malformations are generally undertaken to assist in surgical intervention including physical examination, cephalometric radiographs in anteroposterior and lateral views, stereolithographic models, and anthropometric measurements integrated with three-dimensional computed tomography (3-D CT) reconstructions to quantify skeletal deformities. In the present report, the use of 3-D Malformation Analysis, a three-dimensional methodology for planning craniofacial operative procedures, is presented. In addition to cephalometric and anthropometric databases, the measurements from 3-D surface reconstructions from CT were used intraoperatively to establish the correct position of skeletal segments.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.scs.0000236438.74850.c2 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, CMR.
Background: Refractive errors are a common global health issue. Previous studies in Cameroon have predominantly identified hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism as the primary refractive errors. This study aimed to determine ocular axial length (OAL) values in Cameroonian adults and to evaluate differences between genders and refractive error groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Commun
January 2025
Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17165, Sweden.
Parkinson's disease is primarily marked by mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities. We recently reported that the combined metabolic activators improved the immunohistochemical parameters and behavioural functions in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease animal models and the cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease patients. These metabolic activators serve as the precursors of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and glutathione, and they can be used to activate mitochondrial metabolism and eventually treat mitochondrial dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) describes a wide range of neurological defects and craniofacial malformations associated with prenatal ethanol exposure. While there is growing evidence for a genetic component to FASD, little is known of the cellular mechanisms underlying these ethanol-sensitive loci in facial development. Endoderm morphogenesis to form lateral protrusions called pouches is one key mechanism in facial development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHGG Adv
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address:
SOX9 encodes an SRY-related transcription factor critical for chondrogenesis and sex determination among other processes. Loss-of-function variants cause campomelic dysplasia and Pierre Robin Sequence, while both gain- and loss-of-function variants cause disorders of sex development. SOX9 has also been linked to scoliosis and cancers, but variants are undetermined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Craniofac Surg
January 2025
Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL.
Median craniofacial hypoplasia is characterized by tissue deficiency of the midline facial structures and/or brain. Patients can present with a wide variety of facial differences that may or may not require operative intervention. Common reconstructive procedures include cleft lip and/or palate repair, rhinoplasty, and orthognathic surgery, among others.
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