We have used the human ECV 304 cell line to study the origin and fate of extracellular RNA (exRNA) in cell culture. Quantification of different extracellular RNA species using reverse transcription followed by quantitative PCR revealed a prevalent fraction of ribosomal RNAs. Comparison of intracellular and extracellular ribosomal RNA copy numbers allowed the calculation of the number of destroyed cells that would result in the corresponding number of extracellular rRNAs. Interestingly, this number was comparable to the amount of destroyed cells as determined by the measurement of extracellular lactate dehydrogenase activity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1368.006 | DOI Listing |
Hypertension
January 2025
Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA. (X.Z., Q.X., A.V., Z.L.).
Background: Recent studies show that hyperactivation of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling plays a causal role in the development of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection. Modulation of PP2A (protein phosphatase 2A) activity has been shown to be of significant therapeutic value. In light of the effects that PP2A can exert on the mTOR pathway, we hypothesized that PP2A activation by small-molecule activators of PP2A could mitigate AA progression in Marfan syndrome (MFS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
January 2025
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
Background: (Lanata) is generally used to treat pustule infection in Inner Mongolia folk medicine and is called "the holy medicine for pustule." However, the pharmacological mechanism of Lanata in treating pustule infection is still unclear.
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Lanata on skin infection and explore the underlying mechanisms.
Cell Commun Signal
January 2025
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Background: Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is a transmembrane protein involved in surface receptor complexes for a variety of extracellular signals. NRP1 expression in human cancers is associated with prominent angiogenesis and advanced progression stage. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying NRP1 activity in the tumor microenvironment remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Immunol
January 2025
National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/ National Center of Gerontology, China; Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Object: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) have a high risk of serious infection, in particular severe pneumonia. This study aimed to investigate the transcriptional landscape, lower respiratory tract (LRT) microbiome and metabolomic profiles in the lung of RA-ILD patients with pneumonia.
Method: A total of 10 RA-ILD with pneumonia were enrolled in this study.
Biochemistry
January 2025
Transcription Regulation Lab, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Third Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, India.
Bacterial flagella are complex molecular motors that are essential for locomotion and host colonization. They consist of 30 different proteins expressed in varying stoichiometries. Their assembly and function are governed by a hierarchical transcriptional regulatory network with multiple checkpoints primarily regulated by sigma factors.
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