Effects of anodized oxidation or turned implants on bone healing after using conventional drilling or trabecular compaction technique: histomorphometric analysis and RFA.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the bone healing characteristics adjacent to anodic oxidation and turned surfaces after implant installation using the trabecular compaction technique or the conventional drilling technique in the soft bone area.

Material And Methods: A total of 72 implants (36 anodic oxidation surface and 36 turned surface implants) were inserted into the distal end of the femur head of 12 dogs by two different surgical techniques. There were four experimental groups: (1) DT group; drilling+turned, (2) DO group; drilling+oxidation, (3) CT group; compaction+turned, and (4) CO group; compaction+oxidation. The resonance frequency was measured and six specimens/treatment group were obtained at 0, 3 and 8 weeks, postoperatively. Undecalcified ground sections were prepared for histologic and histomorphometric examinations.

Results: At week 0, the trabecular compaction groups showed a higher bone to implant contact ratio (BIC) than the conventional drilling groups, regardless of surface types. The CT group showed a higher implant stability quotient (ISQ) than the DT group. At week 3, the oxidation groups showed a higher BIC than the turned groups regardless of the surgical technique used. The CO group showed higher ISQ than the CT group. At week 8, there was no statistically significant difference in BIC and ISQ between the groups.

Conclusions: Surgical technique and implant surface state have an effect on the initial bone response to two-stage implants inserted into trabecular bone regions.