Soluble Fc epsilon RII/CD23 (IgE-binding factor) is released spontaneously from activated B cells and most EBV-immortalised B cell lines. We have purified soluble Fc epsilon RII/CD23 from culture supernatants of RPMI-8866 cells on an IgE Sepharose column, and studied its ability to release histamine from human nasal polyp mast cells. Soluble Fc epsilon RII/CD23 induces release of a significant amount of histamine from nasal polyp mast cells in a dose-dependent manner. IgE, and a monoclonal antibody specific for the soluble form of this receptor, were shown to neutralise this effect. It was found that soluble Fc epsilon RII/CD23 was still capable of triggering histamine release from nasal polyp mast cells from which IgE had been eluted by incubation in a low pH buffer, suggesting that a non-IgE mediated mechanism was responsible for this effect.
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