Cardiovascular complications represent the leading cause of mortality in renal transplant recipients, with ischemic heart disease accounting for more than 50% of deaths. Besides the well known risk factors that affect the general population, risk for development of atherosclerosis in renal transplant patients is further increased by previous uremia and dialysis, as well as by the use of immunosuppressive agents. Diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperuricemia, coagulation abnormalities, increased expression of cell adhesion molecules, persistent inflammation, frequent infections and obesity all increase the risk for development of atherosclerosis in transplanted patients. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the risk of cardiovascular disease falls significantly with smoking cessation, reduction of alcohol consumption, reduction of excessive weight, and appropriate and aggressive control of blood pressure and dyslipidemia. Patients should be instructed, and every effort should be invested to increase their compliance with the modified lifestyle and drug adherence. Novel immunosuppressive regimens tend to decrease the risk of atherosclerosis by being individualized according to the characteristics of the particular patient.
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Semin Nephrol
March 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is the most common glomerulonephritis in many countries. Most patients progress to kidney failure for which kidney transplantation is the optimal therapy. Unfortunately, IgA nephropathy commonly recurs post transplant and shortens allograft survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransplant Proc
March 2025
Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus OH.
Introduction: Hypotension is a frequent complication of patients who are on chronic maintenance hemodialysis. Midodrine is an alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used to treat patients on hemodialysis who have chronic hypotensiom. The aim of our study was to evaluate if patients who required midodrine for hypotension had inferior outcomes compared to those who did not require midodrine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Transplant
March 2025
Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California. Electronic address:
Am J Kidney Dis
March 2025
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Electronic address:
Comput Biol Chem
March 2025
Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is closely associated with numerous severe postoperative complications, including acute rejection, delayed graft function (DGF) and graft failure. Macrophages are central to modulating the aseptic inflammatory response during the IRI process. The objective of this study is to conduct an analysis of the developmental and differentiation characteristics of macrophages in IRI, identify distinct molecules subtypes of IRI, and establish robust predictive strategies for DGF and graft survival.
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