The honeybee genome has substantially fewer protein coding genes ( approximately 11 000 genes) than Drosophila melanogaster ( approximately 13 500) and Anopheles gambiae ( approximately 14 000). Some of the most marked differences occur in three superfamilies encoding xenobiotic detoxifying enzymes. Specifically there are only about half as many glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) and carboxyl/cholinesterases (CCEs) in the honeybee. This includes 10-fold or greater shortfalls in the numbers of Delta and Epsilon GSTs and CYP4 P450s, members of which clades have been recurrently associated with insecticide resistance in other species. These shortfalls may contribute to the sensitivity of the honeybee to insecticides. On the other hand there are some recent radiations in CYP6, CYP9 and certain CCE clades in A. mellifera that could be associated with the evolution of the hormonal and chemosensory processes underpinning its highly organized eusociality.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1761136 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2583.2006.00672.x | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Does Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure Cause Human Diseases?
Biomedicines
November 2024
Rowan-Virtua School of Translational Biomedical Engineering and Sciences and School of Osteopathic Medicine, 2 Medical Center Drive, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA.
Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), attention-deficit disorder (ADHD), Parkinson's disease (PD), polycystic ovary disease (PCOS), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have all been linked to exposure to bisphenol A (BPA).
Methods: This paper is a review and discussion of the published literature.
Results: Animal studies have shown BPA to be a broad-spectrum endocrine disruptor.
Annual Research Review: Micronutrients and their role in the treatment of paediatric mental illness.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Center for Mental Health Innovation, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
The aim of this narrative review is to summarize evidence relating the importance of nutrient intake from diet and supplementation for paediatric mental health. We begin by reviewing several mechanisms by which nutrients maximize brain health, including enabling metabolic reactions to occur, supporting mitochondrial function, reducing inflammation and assisting with detoxification. Circumstances that may contribute to an individual requiring additional nutrients beyond what are available in the diet, such as consumption of nutritionally depleted food, individual differences in biological need, long-term medication use and gut-brain health needs are then reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdolescent alcohol exposure disrupts episodic-like memory by impairing dopamine synapses in the mouse prelimbic cortex.
Neuropharmacology
March 2025
Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. Electronic address:
Heavy alcohol use during adolescence has a significant impact on cognitive functions, such as episodic memory, even after detoxification. However, in animal models, defects in episodic memory by adolescent alcohol exposure have not been consistently replicated, and thus, the brain regions and systems that are involved remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that adolescent alcohol exposure impairs episodic memory through the impairment of the dopamine system in the prelimbic region (PrL) of the medial prefrontal cortex in both females and males.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIs There a Natural, Non-addictive, and Non-anti-reward, Safe, Gene-based Solution to Treat Reward Deficiency Syndrome? KB220 Variants vs GLP-1 Analogs.
J Addict Psychiatry
May 2024
Department of Molecular Biology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Israel.
Article Synopsis
- - Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) refers to a range of addictive behaviors affecting many people, prompting research on KB220 and its variants to tackle these issues.
- - The studies focus on various impacts of KB220, including cravings, substance abuse prevention, and mental health conditions like ADHD and eating disorders.
- - The review posits that KB220 is more effective than GLP-1 analogs in improving brain functions related to reward and dopamine balance without negatively affecting the reward system.
Vanillic Acid Modulates Antioxidant Defense and Methylglyoxal Detoxification Systems to Combat Drought Stress in Tomato Seedlings.
Plants (Basel)
November 2024
Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
Vanillic acid (VA) regulates various plant physiological and biochemical processes upon different environmental stresses to enhance their tolerance. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of VA on growth and physiology, including osmoprotection, and antioxidant defense systems for enhancing higher tolerance by lowering oxidative damage against water deficit stress in tomatoes ( L. cv.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!