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Hedgehog Signalling Pathway and Its Role in Shaping the Architecture of Intestinal Epithelium.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Laboratory of Analysis of Gastrointestinal Tract Protective Barrier, Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
The hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway plays a key role in both embryonic and postnatal development of the intestine and is responsible for gut homeostasis. It regulates stem cell renewal, formation of the villous-crypt axis, differentiation of goblet and Paneth cells, the cell cycle, apoptosis, development of gut innervation, and lipid metabolism. Ligands of the Hh pathway, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrimary Cilium Identifies a Quiescent Cell Population in the Human Intestinal Crypt.
Cells
March 2023
Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Shebrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H5N4, Canada.
Primary cilia are sensory antennae located at the cell surface which mediate a variety of extracellular signals involved in development, tissue homeostasis, stem cells and cancer. Primary cilia are found in an extensive array of vertebrae cells but can only be generated when cells become quiescent. The small intestinal epithelium is a rapidly self-renewing tissue organized into a functional unit called the crypt-villus axis, containing progenitor and differentiated cells, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModulation of radiation-induced intestinal injury by radioprotective agents: a cellular and molecular perspectives.
Rev Environ Health
June 2023
Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
The gastrointestinal (GI) system has rapidly proliferating and differentiating cells, which make it one of the most radiosensitive organs in the body. Exposure to high dose of ionising radiation (IR) during radiotherapy may generate a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) including radicals, cause some side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, pain, ulceration, mal-absorption etc. Irradiation disrupts GI system by damaging proliferating stem cells of the crypts that alters the histology and physiology of intestine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe absence of interleukin 10 affects the morphology, differentiation, granule content and the production of cryptidin-4 in Paneth cells in mice.
PLoS One
March 2020
Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Article Synopsis
- Paneth cells are special cells in the small intestine that help protect against germs and keep the gut healthy.
- When they don't work correctly, it can lead to diseases like Crohn's disease and infections.
- In a study with a specific type of mice (IL-10-/-), scientists found that these mice had messed-up Paneth cells and were more likely to get sick from germs, suggesting that a protein called IL-10 is important for keeping Paneth cells healthy.
Requirement of Gα/Gα Signaling in the Preservation of Mouse Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis.
Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol
November 2016
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Background & Aims: Proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis of the intestinal epithelium are tightly regulated by a number of molecular pathways. Coordinated action of intestine is achieved by gastrointestinal hormones, most of which exert these actions through G-protein-coupled receptors. We herein investigated the role of Gα-mediated signaling in intestinal homeostasis.
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