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Genomic epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing from humans and a river in Aotearoa New Zealand.
Microb Genom
January 2025
mEpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
In Aotearoa New Zealand, urinary tract infections in humans are commonly caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing . This group of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are often multidrug resistant. However, there is limited information on ESBL-producing found in the environment and their link with human clinical isolates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe canine blood-brain barrier in health and disease: focus on brain protection.
Vet Q
December 2025
Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
This review examines the role of the canine blood-brain barrier (BBB) in health and disease, focusing on the impact of the multidrug resistance (MDR) transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) encoded by the gene. The BBB is critical in maintaining central nervous system homeostasis and brain protection against xenobiotics and environmental drugs that may be circulating in the blood stream. We revise key anatomical, histological and functional aspects of the canine BBB and examine the role of the gene mutation in specific dog breeds that exhibit reduced P-gp activity and disrupted drug brain pharmacokinetics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut Microbiota and Diabetes: Pioneering New Treatment Frontiers.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets
January 2025
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Panjab, 144001, India.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and poses significant global health challenges. Conventional treatments, such as insulin therapy and lifestyle modifications, have shown limited efficacy in addressing the multifactorial nature of DM. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms critical for metabolism and immune function, plays a pivotal role in metabolic health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBerberine Improves Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Obese Mice through the Reduction of IRE1/GSK-3β Axis-Mediated Inflammation.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology, Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 130 Renmin Middle Road, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, 214413, China.
Introduction: Berberine (BBR) has the characteristics of repressing hyperglycemia, obesity, and inflammation, as well as improving insulin resistance. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be fully understood. This study explores whether BBR regulates inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) axis to resist obesity-associated inflammation, thereby improving glucolipid metabolism disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterlinking the Cross Talk on Branched Chain Amino Acids, Water Soluble Vitamins and Adipokines in the Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Etiology.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, KVG Medical College and Hospital, Sullia 574327, India.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is an etiologically diverse metabolic dysfunction that, if untreated, leads to chronic hyperglycemia. Understanding the etiology of T2DM is critical, as it represents one of the most formidable medical challenges of the twenty-first century. Traditionally, insulin resistance has been recognized as the primary risk factor and a well-known consequence of type 2 diabetes.
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