In recent years, scientific interest in melanocortins (MC) has progressively increased due to their wide range of effects and expression on various tissues. Primarily discovered as mediators of skin pigmentation, recent research has shown their important roles in various body functions, such as energy homeostasis, sexual function, and inflammation. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties discovered so far have led to the hypothesis that alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and its cognate receptors might present potential anti-inflammatory treatment options.
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Melanocortin therapeutics, exemplified by adrenocorticotropic hormone, have a proven steroidogenic-independent anti-proteinuric and glomerular protective effect. The biological functions of melanocortins are mediated by melanocortin receptors (MCR), including MC1R, which recent studies have shown to protect against glomerular disease. However, the role of other MCRs like MC5R is unknown.
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National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar 382007, Gujarat, India. Electronic address:
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Hypothalamic Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX, 75390, USA.
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