Case Report: The case of a 6-year-old girl with a pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) in the left cerebellopontine angle (CPA) is reported. The clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings are presented.
Discussion: To our knowledge, the presence of PXA in the CPA has not previously been reported. The rare infratentorial locations of PXA (frequently seen in association with ganglioglioma) are reviewed, as well as the other infrequent locations of this tumor. This report adds to the list of differential diagnoses of CPA tumors in children.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-006-0164-x | DOI Listing |
Cancer J
January 2025
From the Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology and the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons and NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, NY.
The term "low-grade glioma" historically refers to adult diffuse gliomas that exhibit a less aggressive course than the more common high-grade gliomas. In the current molecular era, "low-grade" refers to World Health Organization central nervous system grade 2 gliomas almost always with an isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation (astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas). The term "lower-grade gliomas" has emerged encompassing grades 2 and 3 IDH-mutant astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, to acknowledge that histological grade is not as important a prognostic factor as molecular features, and distinguishing them from grade 4 glioblastomas, which lack an IDH mutation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mol Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Primary brain tumors that were the most severe and aggressive were called glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Cancers are caused in part by aberrant expression of circular RNA. Often referred to as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), circRNA molecules act as "miRNA sponges" in cells by decreasing the inhibitory impact of miRNA on their target genes and hence raising the expression levels of those genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Rep
January 2025
Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector 62, Noida, UP, 201309, India.
Metabolic reprogramming stands out as a defining characteristic of cancer, including glioblastoma (GB), enabling tumor cells to overcome growth and survival challenges in adverse conditions. The dysregulation of metabolic processes in GB is crucial to its pathogenesis, influencing both tumorigenesis and the disease's invasive tendencies. This altered metabolism supplies essential energy substrates for uncontrolled cell proliferation and also creates an immunosuppressive microenvironment, complicating conventional therapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Oncol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Background: Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) have an overall survival of over 90%; however, patients harboring a BRAF alteration may have worse outcomes, particularly when treated with classic chemotherapy. Combined BRAF/MEK inhibition following incomplete resection demonstrated improved outcome in BRAF altered pLGG compared to combined carboplatin/vincristine chemotherapy and is now considered the standard FDA-approved treatment for this group of tumors. The aim herein was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of single agent BRAF inhibitor treatment in BRAF altered pLGG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Biol
January 2025
Faculty of Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by its cellular complexity, with a microenvironment consisting of diverse cell types, including oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and neoplastic CD133 + radial glia-like cells. This study focuses on exploring the distinct cellular transitions in GBM, emphasizing the role of alternative polyadenylation (APA) in modulating microRNA-binding and post-transcriptional regulation.
Results: Our research identified unique APA profiles that signify the transitional phases between neoplastic cells and OPCs, underscoring the importance of APA in cellular identity and transformation in GBM.
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!