Acute hemolysis due to AB0-incompatibility caused by transfusion of red blood cell concentrates (RBCC) to the wrong recipient is one of the major causes of transfusion-related death. As part of our policy to improve quality and safety in emergency transfusion, we have developed a standardized surveillance system for supplying RBCC in emergency situations. This surveillance system involves the implementation of a standardized set of basic data transmitted from the requesting unit to the blood bank by phone and a scoring system to check for compliance with guidelines and errors in daily routines. Communication deficiencies and delayed pretransfusion sampling were the most common errors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.transci.2006.06.001 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Institute of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 4PG, United Kingdom.
Ancient texts and archaeological evidence indicate substantial lead exposure during antiquity that potentially impacted human health. Although lead exposure routes were many and included the use of glazed tablewares, paints, cosmetics, and even intentional ingestion, the most significant for the nonelite, rural majority of the population may have been through background air pollution from mining and smelting of silver and lead ores that underpinned the Roman economy. Here, we determined potential health effects of this air pollution using Arctic ice core measurements of Roman-era lead pollution, atmospheric modeling, and modern epidemiology-based relationships between air concentrations, blood lead levels (BLLs), and cognitive decline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetes
January 2025
Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Circulating proteins may be promising biomarkers or drug targets. Leveraging genome-wide association studies of type 1 diabetes (18,942 cases and 501,638 controls of European ancestry) and circulating protein abundances (10,708 European ancestry individuals), Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted to assess the associations between circulating abundances of 1,560 candidate proteins and the risk of type 1 diabetes, followed by multiple sensitivity and colocalization analyses, horizontal pleiotropy examinations, and replications. Bulk tissue and single-cell gene expression enrichment analyses were performed to explore candidate tissues and cell types for prioritized proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Center for Health Services Research, Regenstrief Institute Inc, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
Objectives: In two large university affiliated healthcare systems, we examined trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening both prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic to compare the trends in non-invasive screening tests and colonoscopy.
Materials And Methods: In this retrospective time-trend analysis, we obtained the numbers of colonoscopies and non-invasive tests performed monthly during the pandemic and the year prior to it. We obtained colonoscopy data from five endoscopy units with the indication determined by dual independent review.
PLOS Glob Public Health
January 2025
Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
Dispensing of misoprostol and mifepristone by pharmacies and chemist shops for self-management of medication abortion (MA) fills a crucial gap in settings where abortion care by trained health professionals is not readily available. This promising service delivery pathway, endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO), is hindered by concerns of poor-quality care. Simulated clients collected data on MA pill dispensing practices from 92 pharmacies and chemist shops in three Nigerian states and 127 pharmacies in an Indian state that we have anonymized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Public Health Surveill
December 2024
Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 East Banshan Road, Hangzhou, 310022, China, 86 571-88122219.
Background: Liver cancer continues to pose a significant burden in China. To enhance the efficiency of screening, it is crucial to implement population stratification for liver cancer surveillance.
Objective: This study aimed to develop a simple prediction model and risk score for liver cancer screening in the general population, with the goal of improving early detection and survival.
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