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Using fine-tuned large language models to parse clinical notes in musculoskeletal pain disorders.
Lancet Digit Health
October 2023
Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Privacy-preserving large language models for structured medical information retrieval.
NPJ Digit Med
September 2024
Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Most clinical information is encoded as free text, not accessible for quantitative analysis. This study presents an open-source pipeline using the local large language model (LLM) "Llama 2" to extract quantitative information from clinical text and evaluates its performance in identifying features of decompensated liver cirrhosis. The LLM identified five key clinical features in a zero- and one-shot manner from 500 patient medical histories in the MIMIC IV dataset.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCutibacterium Species Valvular and Cardiac Device-Related Infective Endocarditis: Contemporary Data From the GAMES Prospective Cohort (2008-2023).
Clin Infect Dis
September 2024
Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- Information on infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Cutibacterium spp. is scarce, and the effectiveness of new Duke-ISCVID criteria for diagnosis is still under study.
- A national study from 2008 to 2023 found that 1% of IE cases were caused by Cutibacterium, predominantly in men, leading to serious intracardiac complications and significant mortality rates.
- The new diagnostic criteria and molecular testing show promise for identifying Cutibacterium IE, highlighting the importance of cardiac surgery and device removal in reducing patient mortality.
Risk of recurrence after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19- associated venous thromboembolism: a prospective multicentre cohort study.
EClinicalMedicine
July 2024
Chair for the Study of Thromboembolic Disease, Faculty of Health Sciences, UCAM - Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Spain.
Background: The clinical relevance of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19-associated VTE remains uncertain. We estimated the incidence rates and mortality of VTE recurrences developing after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19-associated VTE.
Methods: A prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study was conducted between March 25, 2020, and July 26, 2023, including patients who had discontinued anticoagulation after at least 3 months of therapy.
Treatment of Psoriasis Patients with Latent Tuberculosis Using IL-17 and IL-23 Inhibitors: A Retrospective, Multinational, Multicentre Study.
Am J Clin Dermatol
March 2024
Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Background: Tuberculosis has a major global impact. Immunocompetent hosts usually control this disease, resulting in an asymptomatic latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Because TNF inhibitors increase the risk of tuberculosis reactivation, current guidelines recommend tuberculosis screening before starting any biologic drug, and chemoprophylaxis if LTBI is diagnosed.
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