The purpose of the present study was to examine the temporally patterned changes in intensity and direction of competitive state anxiety prior to and during competition as well as correlations among intensity and direction on the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2D subscale scores. 99 athletes completed the inventory one day before and an hour before the competition, based on how they felt during that time, and 30 min. after the competition with reference to how they felt during the competition. Analysis indicated different temporal patterning in subscale scores prior to competition. Correlations were medium (.40) for Intensity and Direction dimensions. Significant differences were noted between scores of those classified as Facilitators and Debilitators on the Intensity dimension. The results support the multidimensional nature of competitive anxiety. Moreover, additional information lies in directional interpretation of competitive anxiety and self-confidence.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.103.1.91-98 | DOI Listing |
Exp Brain Res
January 2025
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
Vestibular dysfunction has been reported as a potential cause in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, it remained unclear how stochastic galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) affected kinetic performance of patients with AIS. This study aimed to investigate the effect of stochastic GVS on ground reaction forces (GRF) measures during obstacle negotiation among patients with AIS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Cell Fact
January 2025
MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China.
Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is extensively employed in various fields such as medicine, cosmetics, food, etc. The molecular weight (MW) of HA is crucial for its biological functions. Streptococcus zooepidemicus, a prominent HA industrial producer, naturally synthetizes HA with high MW.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China. Electronic address:
Fish migration patterns are driven by hydrodynamic factors, which are essential in aquatic ecology. This study investigated the hydrodynamic drivers of Gymnocypris przewalskii fish migration in two distinct river reaches-a straight reach (SR) and a confluence reach (CR)- in the area of Qinghai Lake, China, using a 3D numerical model, fish density field data, and four predictive models. Thirteen hydrodynamic factors, with a focus on water depth and velocity, were analyzed to identify their influence on fish migration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
January 2025
Mechatronics Engineering Department, School of Automobile, Mechanical and Mechatronics, Manipal University Jaipur, India. Electronic address:
Herein, novel hollow ZnO and ZnO@SnInS core-shell nanorods (NRs) with controlled shell thickness were developed via a facile synthesis approach for the efficient photocatalytic remediation of organic as well inorganic water pollutants. The introduction of SnInS shell layer coating over ZnO enhances visible light absorption, efficient exciton-mediated direct charge transfer, and reduces the band gap of ZnO@SnInS core-shell nanorods. The ZnO@SnInS core-shell nanorods show efficient solar-light driven catalytic efficiency for the disintegration of industrial dye (orange G), degradation of tetracycline, and reduction of hazardous Cr (VI) ions in aquatic systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTissue Cell
January 2025
Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. Electronic address:
The extracellular matrix (ECM) and its primary chemical components, including collagen, play a pivotal role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. The ECM actively regulates cell proliferation, migration, and, importantly, resistance to various adverse factors. It is widely recognized as a key factor in modifying the resistance of tumor cells to various treatment modalities and cytotoxic compounds.
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