[The evolution of insulin therapy and new insight into nutrition recommendations for individuals with diabetes].

The dietary guideline has undergone change during the last decades. It has been done by the introduction of new insulin therapy methods, also by the numerous epidemiological studies which have documented the influence of eating habits on macro-vascular diseases, obesity and type 2 diabetes. The Glycemic Index (GI) and Glycemic Load (GL) play a pivotal role in carbohydrate classification and for food choice by diabetic patients. Post-prandial glycemia response and insulinemia strongly relate to value of GI and GL. Intensive insulin therapy as a multiple daily injection or pump therapy has brought a liberalization in diabetic regime and diet. It gives possibility to introduce modern dietary guidelines including healthy eating advice with respect for traditional eating habits.