Free radical scavenging action of the natural polyamine spermine in rat liver mitochondria.

Free Radic Biol Med

Unità per lo Studio delle Biomembrane, Istituto di Neuroscienze del CNR, Dipartimento di Chimica Biologica, Università di Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.

Published: October 2006

AI Article Synopsis

  • Genistein, glycyrrhetinic acid, and salicylate cause mitochondrial swelling and loss of membrane potential in rat liver mitochondria, effects that depend on calcium ions and can be inhibited by certain compounds like cyclosporin A.
  • These compounds increase oxygen consumption and hydrogen peroxide generation, signaling oxidative stress and mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT).
  • Spermine, at cellular concentrations, can prevent these MPT effects by scavenging free radicals, maintaining glutathione levels, and protecting critical thiols from oxidation during heightened oxidative stress.

Article Abstract

The isoflavonoid genistein, the cyclic triterpene glycyrrhetinic acid, and salicylate induce mitochondrial swelling and loss of membrane potential (Delta Psi) in rat liver mitochondria (RLM). These effects are Ca(2+)-dependent and are prevented by cyclosporin A and bongkrekik acid, classic inhibitors of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). This membrane permeabilization is also inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide, butylhydroxytoluene, and mannitol. The above-mentioned pro-oxidants also induce an increase in O(2) consumption and H(2)O(2) generation and the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups, glutathione, and pyridine nucleotides. All these observations are indicative of the induction of MPT mediated by oxidative stress. At concentrations similar to those present in the cell, spermine can prevent swelling and Delta Psi collapse, that is, MPT induction. Spermine, by acting as a free radical scavenger, in the absence of Ca(2+) inhibits H(2)O(2) production and maintains glutathione and sulfhydryl groups at normal reduced level, so that the critical thiols responsible for pore opening are also consequently prevented from being oxidized. Spermine also protects RLM under conditions of accentuated thiol and glutathione oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation, suggesting that its action takes place by scavenging the hydroxyl radical.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.07.008DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

free radical
8
rat liver
8
liver mitochondria
8
delta psi
8
sulfhydryl groups
8
radical scavenging
4
scavenging action
4
action natural
4
natural polyamine
4
spermine
4

Similar Publications

We report the proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactivity of an octahedral Ta(V) aniline complex supported by an acridane-derived redox active NNN pincer ligand. The reversible binding of aniline to a Ta(V) dichloride induces significant coordination-induced bond weakening (CIBW) of the aniline N-H bonds. This enables a rare two-fold hydrogen atom abstraction, resulting in a terminal imido complex and a two-electron oxidation of the NNN pincer ligand, all while maintaining the metal's oxidation state.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Granulomas, organized aggregates of immune cells which form in response to (), are characteristic but not exclusive of tuberculosis (TB). Despite existing investigations on TB granulomas, the determinants that differentiate host-protective granulomas from granulomas that contribute to TB pathogenesis are often disputed. Thus, the goal of this narrative review is to help clarify the existing literature on such determinants.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cerium oxide NPs (-CeO), with notable performance in various biological tests like redox activity, free radical scavenging, and biofilm inhibition, emerge as significant candidates to address issues in related areas. In this research, copper-decorated -CeO (Cu@-CeO) were first synthesized and then characterized using advanced techniques such as SEM-EDX, XRD, XPS, BET, and ICP-OES. The biochemical properties of the obtained Cu@-CeO nanostructure and its performance in polyethersulfone (PES) membranes were thoroughly investigated in this research study.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Giese-type alkylation of dehydroalanine derivatives via silane-mediated alkyl bromide activation.

Beilstein J Org Chem

December 2024

Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, S.S. 554, bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy.

The rising popularity of bioconjugate therapeutics has led to growing interest in late-stage functionalization (LSF) of peptide scaffolds. α,β-Unsaturated amino acids like dehydroalanine (Dha) derivatives have emerged as particularly useful structures, as the electron-deficient olefin moiety can engage in late-stage functionalization reactions, like a Giese-type reaction. Cheap and widely available building blocks like organohalides can be converted into alkyl radicals by means of photoinduced silane-mediated halogen-atom transfer (XAT) to offer a mild and straightforward methodology of alkylation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate predictors of late biochemical recurrence in patients with no recurrence at 5 years after radical prostatectomy (RP).

Methods: We retrospectively investigated patients who underwent RP for prostate cancer in our institute from 1999 to 2016, selecting those with no biochemical recurrence at 5 years post-RP. These patients did not receive neoadjuvant and adjuvant hormone therapy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: fwrite(): Write of 34 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 272

Backtrace:

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_write_close(): Failed to write session data using user defined save handler. (session.save_path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Unknown

Line Number: 0

Backtrace: