The biological function of many proteins is often regulated through posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Frequently different modifications influence each other and lead to an intricate network of interdependent modification patterns that affect protein-protein interactions, enzymatic activities and sub-cellular localizations. One of the best-studied class of proteins that is affected by PTMs and combinations thereof are the histone molecules. Histones are very abundant, small basic proteins that package DNA in the eukaryotic nucleus to form chromatin. The four core-histones are densely modified within their first 20-40 N-terminal amino acids, which are highly evolutionary conserved despite playing no structural role. The modifications are thought to constitute a histone code that is used by the cell to encrypt various chromatin conformations and gene expression states. The analysis of modified histones can be used as a model to dissect complex modification patterns and to investigate their molecular functions. Here we review techniques that have been used to decipher complex histone modification patterns and discuss the implication of these findings for chromatin structure and function.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2006.08.009 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Functionalization of Polymer Surfaces for Organic Photoresist Materials.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Tokyo Electron America, Inc., 2400 Grove Blvd., Austin, Texas 78741, United States.
Photoresists are thin film materials designed to transform an optimal image into a mechanical mask. Diverse exposure techniques such as photolithography induce modifications in the exposed areas that result in solubility changes that can then be selectively removed with appropriate agents (developers). Photoresist materials need to keep pace with the increasingly demand for feature size reduction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene expression is coordinated by a multitude of transcription factors (TFs), whose binding to the genome is directed through multiple interconnected epigenetic signals, including chromatin accessibility and histone modifications. These complex networks have been shown to be disrupted during aging, disease, and cancer. However, profiling these networks across diverse cell types and states has been limited due to the technical constraints of existing methods for mapping DNA:Protein interactions in single cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFirst Indonesian Nasopharyngeal Cancer Whole Epigenome Sequencing Identify Tumour Suppressor CpG Methylation.
Biologics
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Introduction: Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a multifaceted disease characterized by genetic and epigenetic modifications. While Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a known risk factor, recent studies highlight the significant role of DNA methylation in NPC pathogenesis. Aberrant methylation, particularly at CpG sites, can silence tumour suppressor genes, promoting uncontrolled cell growth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActivation of Immune Responses Through the RIG-I Pathway Using TRITC-Dextran Encapsulated Nanoparticles.
Immune Netw
December 2024
Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are highly conserved motifs originating from microorganisms that act as ligands for pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which are crucial for defense against pathogens. Thus, PAMP-mimicking vaccines may induce potent immune activation and provide broad-spectrum protection against microbes. Dextran encapsulation can regulate the surface characteristics of nanoparticles (NPs) and induces their surface modification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Changes in ICD-11 Related to Sexual Health and Dysfunction and Their Implication for Clinical Practice.
Turk Psikiyatri Derg
January 2025
The classification of sexual health-related conditions was reformulated in 11th revision of International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) following current evidence, best practice, and taking human rights into consideration, which is expected to reflect and provide guidance for more integrative clinical approaches. Overcoming the artificial, yet historical, distinction between "organic" and "non-organic" conditions, sexual dysfunctions classified in the "Mental and Behavioral Disorders" and "Disorders of Genitourinary System" in ICD-10 were listed in a new chapter called "Conditions Related to Sexual Health." In practice, this approach has been consistently recommended.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!