AI Article Synopsis
- NADPH oxidases are localized in various kidney cells, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and podocytes, contributing to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
- Their activity is increased by factors like angiotensin II and high salt intake, linking them to hypertension and oxidative stress.
- Recent studies highlight the role of specific components like p22(phox) in the activation of NADPH oxidase and the progression of kidney diseases, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets.
Article Abstract
NADPH oxidases have a distinct cellular localization in the kidney. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the kidney by fibroblasts, endothelial cells (EC), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), mesangial cells (MCs), tubular cells, and podocyte cells. All components of the phagocytic NADPH oxidase, as well as the Nox-1 and -4, are expressed in the kidney, with a prominent expression in renal vessels, glomeruli, and podocytes, and cells of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (TAL), macula densa, distal tubules, collecting ducts, and cortical interstitial fibroblasts. NADPH oxidase activity is upregulated by prolonged infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II) or a high salt diet. Since these are major factors underlying the development of hypertension, renal NADPH oxidase may have an important pathophysiological role. Indeed, recent studies with small interference RNAs (siRNAs) targeted to p22( phox ) implicate p22( phox ) in Ang II-induced activation of renal NADPH oxidase and the development of oxidative stress and hypertension, while studies with apocynin implicate activation of p47( phox ) in the development of nephropathy in a rat model of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Experimental studies of the distribution, signaling, and function of NADPH oxidases in the kidney are described.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ars.2006.8.1597 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Blockade of PVN neuromedin B receptor alleviates inflammation via the RAS/ROS/NF-κB pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Brain Res Bull
December 2024
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Xi'an 710061, China. Electronic address:
Neuromedin B (NMB) has potentially great impacts on the development of cardiovascular diseases by promoting hypertensive and sympatho-excitation effects. However, studies regarding the NMB function in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are lacking. With selective neuromedin B receptor (NMBR) antagonist, BIM-23127, we aim to determine whether the blockade of NMB function in PVN could alleviate central inflammation and attenuate hypertensive responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe privileged fused-ring system comprising the bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane (BDO) core is prevalent in diketopiperazine (DKP) natural products with potent and diverse biological activities, with some being explored as drug candidates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeutrophil NADPH oxidase promotes bacterial eradication and regulates NF-κB-Mediated inflammation via NRF2 signaling during urinary tract infections.
Mucosal Immunol
December 2024
Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA. Electronic address:
The precise role of neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) in combating bacterial uropathogens during urinary tract infections (UTI) remains largely unexplored. In this study, we elucidate the antimicrobial significance of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-derived ROS, as opposed to mitochondrial ROS, in facilitating neutrophil-mediated eradication of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the primary causative agent of UTI. Furthermore, NOX2-derived ROS regulates NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses in neutrophils against UPEC by inducing the release of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) from its inhibitor, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStratification of apple seeds in the context of ROS metabolism.
J Plant Physiol
December 2024
Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) seeds exhibit deep embryonic dormancy. Uniform germination of isolated apple embryos is observed after 40-day-long cold stratification of the seeds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioprospecting hydroxylated chalcones in model of ischemia-reoxygenation and probing NOX4 interactions via molecular docking.
Biol Chem
December 2024
Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, 28121 Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in conditions like kidney transplants, cardiac surgeries, and nephrectomy, contributing to high global mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to analyze the protective effects of 2'-hydroxychalcones in treating I/R-induced AKI by targeting key pathological pathways. Considering strong antioxidant action along with other pharmacological roles of chalcone derivatives, six 2'-hydroxychalcones were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation and analyzed for their protective effects in an I/R induced AKI model using HK-2 cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!