This article describes the prevalence of risky behaviors known to be associated with increased cancer morbidity and mortality among Ohio Appalachian adults. These behaviors, or risk factors, include: 1) tobacco use; 2) energy imbalance (involving poor diet, obesity, and physical inactivity); and 3) sexual behaviors. We report current estimates of the prevalence of these behaviors among Ohio Appalachian adult residents and review social, psychological, and biological variables associated with these risky behaviors. We also present recent empirical studies that have been completed or are in progress in Ohio Appalachia. Finally, we discuss how these studies help bridge well-documented gaps in the literature.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1779290 | PMC |
Nat Hum Behav
January 2025
Department of Economics, School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
We conducted a genome-wide association study on income among individuals of European descent (N = 668,288) to investigate the relationship between socio-economic status and health disparities. We identified 162 genomic loci associated with a common genetic factor underlying various income measures, all with small effect sizes (the Income Factor). Our polygenic index captures 1-5% of income variance, with only one fourth due to direct genetic effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Qual Health Care
January 2025
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala 4107, São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
Patients continue to suffer from preventable harm and uneven quality outcomes. Reliable clinical outcomes depend on the quality of robust administrative systems and reliable support processes. Critically ill patient handoffs from the operating room (OR) to the intensive care unit (ICU) are known to be high-risk events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Anal Behav
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA.
Under rapid-acquisition, concurrent-chains choice procedures, psychomotor stimulants typically decrease the sensitivity of responding to changes in separate dimensions of reinforcement. Across two experiments, pigeons chose between outcomes that differed in terms of reinforcement delay and magnitude (the dimensions involved in delay discounting or "impulsive" choice; Experiment 1) or reinforcement probability and magnitude (the dimensions involved in probability discounting or "risky" choice; Experiment 2). Outcomes associated with each terminal link were varied independently and pseudorandomly across sessions such that in dominated sessions one terminal link was favorable in terms of both dimensions (sooner, larger in Experiment 1 and more likely, larger in Experiment 2) and in trade-off sessions each terminal link was favorable in terms of a different dimension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiol Behav
January 2025
Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru 560 029. Electronic address:
Previous studies suggest that early-life stress (ELS) induced by early maternal separation and isolation (MS) stress during the stress hyporesponsive period (SHRP) leads to increased curiosity-like and increased risky decision-making behaviour in adolescence. Evidence suggests that dietary interventions early in adolescence could play an important role in mitigating the detrimental effects of MS stress on risky decision-making behaviour. Hence, the present study hypothesized that nutritional supplements such as saturated fat (SFA) and/or polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) would be beneficial in ameliorating the impact of MS stress on risky decision-making behaviour when incorporated into the diet during early adolescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
Department of Community Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Background/objectives: This study aimed to investigate the lifestyle and the behavioral factors that influence the nutritional status of adolescents from Transylvania, Romania.
Methods: The Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) was used to collect data from 900 adolescents between 11 and 18 years old from the Transylvania region, Romania. This study assessed nutritional status by calculating BMI indicators adjusted to Z-Score, cut-off points according to the World Health Organization (WHO), using self-reported weight and height; perceived health status; food vulnerability; physical activity; addictive behaviors (cigarette, alcohol and drug consumption); number of hours spent in front of the computer/phone; hand and oral hygiene; sitting time/day; and sleep.
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!