Biochemical properties and pathophysiological roles of cytosolic phospholipase A2s.

Biochim Biophys Acta

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

Published: November 2006

Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) (EC 3.1.1.4) catalyzes hydrolysis of the sn-2 ester bond of glycerophospholipids. The enzyme is essential for the production of two classes of lipid mediators, fatty acid metabolites and lysophospholipid-related lipids, as well as being involved in the remodeling of membrane phospholipids. Among many mammalian PLA(2)s, cytosolic PLA(2)alpha (cPLA(2)alpha) plays a critical role in various physiological and pathophysiological conditions through generating lipid mediators. Here, we summarize the in vivo significance of cPLA(2)alpha, revealed from the phenotypes of cPLA(2)alpha-null mice, and properties of newly discovered cPLA(2) family enzymes. We also briefly introduce a quantitative lipidomics strategy using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, a powerful tool for the comprehensive analysis of lipid mediators.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2006.08.001DOI Listing

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