Background: As sphincter action does not functionally affect the union in pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM), two-way regurgitation occurs. We investigated the features of acute pancreatitis associated with patients displaying a long common channel.
Methods: We reviewed 3210 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograms. PBM was diagnosed in 107 patients with a long common channel in which communication between the pancreatic and bile duct was maintained even during sphincter contraction. High confluence of pancreaticobiliary ducts (HCPBD) was diagnosed in 60 patients with a common channel >or=6 mm long in which communication between the two ducts was occluded with sphincter contraction.
Results: Of patients with PBM, four had acute pancreatitis. Etiology of acute pancreatitis in the two patients was suspected to involve impaction in a long common channel. Of patients with HCPBD, 17 displayed acute pancreatitis. Three patients had a history of excessive alcohol intake and 10 patients were associated with choledocholithiasis or cholecystitis. The remaining four patients had no history of them.
Conclusions: Acute pancreatitis occurs in 13% of patients with a long common channel. Obstruction of a long common channel by stones easily induces bile flow into the pancreas. Even if no obstruction is present, biliopancreatic reflux induces acute pancreatitis in some patients.
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