We report a highly enantioselective, general catalytic system for the facile synthesis of tertiary stereocenters by protonation adjacent to cyclic ketones. The method relies on catalytic decarboxylative protonation of readily accessible racemic quaternary beta-ketoesters. A range of substituted cycloalkanone compounds can be accessed through this process with high levels of enantioselectivity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja063335a | DOI Listing |
JACS Au
November 2024
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India.
The fleeting existence of aryl carbanion intermediates in the bulk phase prevents their direct observation and spectroscopic measurement. In sharp contrast, we report the direct interception of such unstable species at the air-water interface of microdroplets. We observed the transformation of three types of aryl acids (benzoic, phenylsulfinic, and phenylboronic acids) into phenyl carbanion (Ph) in water microdroplets, as examined by mass spectrometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
November 2024
Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico.
Betalains, which contain nitrogen and are water soluble, are the pigments responsible for many traits of plants and biological activities in different organisms that do not produce them. To better annotate and identify betalains using a spectral library and fingerprint, a database catalog of 140 known betalains (112 betacyanins and 28 betaxanthins) was made in this work to simplify betalain identification in mass spectrometry analysis. Fragmented peaks obtained using MassFrontier, along with chemical structures and protonated precursor ions for each betalain, were added to the database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
November 2024
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning 114051, P. R. China.
The mechanism, chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity in the NHC-catalyzed reaction between enals and pyrroles for the synthesis of 5,6-dihydroindolizine were studied using DFT calculations. The cycle for catalytic generation of 5,6-dihydroindolizine proceeds seven steps: (1) addition of the NHC to enal, (2) formation of a Breslow intermediate through [1,2]-proton transfer, (3) oxidation, (4) Michael addition, (5) [2+2] cycloaddition, (6) liberation of NHCs and (7) decarboxylation. Our results show that the presence of DMAP·H lowers the barrier for [1,2]-proton transfer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQ Rev Biophys
October 2024
Department of Physical and Biocoordination Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
The aim of this review is to summarize the progress made in the determination of the protonation constants of biologically active ligands: endo- and exogenous L-amino acids and their derivatives in aqueous and mixed solutions using different experimental techniques. The knowledge of the protonation constants of the aforementioned ligands is crucial for the determination of the equilibrium constants of complex formation and thus for the understanding of complex biological reactions such as transamination, racemization, and decarboxylation. Thus, the protonation constants of ligands are a measure of their ability to form complexes with metal ions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Biomol Chem
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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