Despite the availability of various substance abuse treatments, alcohol and drug misuse and related negative consequences remain prevalent. Vipassana meditation (VM), a Buddhist mindfulness-based practice, provides an alternative for individuals who do not wish to attend or have not succeeded with traditional addiction treatments. In this study, the authors evaluated the effectiveness of a VM course on substance use and psychosocial outcomes in an incarcerated population. Results indicate that after release from jail, participants in the VM course, as compared with those in a treatment-as-usual control condition, showed significant reductions in alcohol, marijuana, and crack cocaine use. VM participants showed decreases in alcohol-related problems and psychiatric symptoms as well as increases in positive psychosocial outcomes. The utility of mindfulness-based treatments for substance use is discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0893-164X.20.3.343 | DOI Listing |
J Trauma Acute Care Surg
January 2025
From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.N.-P.), Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (H.N.-P., E.R.H.); Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.P.B., E.R.H.), Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.P.B.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (C.S.H.), WakeMed Health and Hospitals, Raleigh, North Carolina.
Background: While the United States has the highest incarceration rate worldwide, at nearly 1% of the adult population (more than 2 million people), insights regarding health disparities in this population remain limited. This retrospective cohort study represents the largest national database analysis of incarcerated trauma patients to date and investigates whether incarceration status is an independent risk factor for poor outcomes after trauma for US adults.
Methods: We analyzed data from the National Trauma Data Bank from 2017 to 2018.
Lancet Reg Health Am
January 2025
Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador, Salvador, Brazil.
Background: Despite government efforts, tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health threat in Brazil. In 2023, TB incidence was 39.8 cases per 100,000 population, far above the WHO's target of 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Correct Health Care
January 2025
Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Limited data exist on cancer screening in carceral facilities. This study evaluates the feasibility and outcomes of a population-based lung cancer screening initiative in a carceral setting. This is a retrospective review of a lung cancer screening event at the Rhode Island Department of Corrections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSince 1979, The Belmont Report has served as a guidebook for ensuring that basic standards for ethical research are upheld. The Belmont Report calls for special protections of vulnerable research participants, such as people who are incarcerated and economically and educationally disadvantaged individuals who are deemed susceptible to exploitation. With a growing focus on health equity and community-engaged approaches in health equity research, efforts to involve vulnerable participants are increasing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!