[Polymorphism of heterochromatin C-blocks of rye genome chromosomes in rye-wheat amphidiploids and their chromosome substitution lines].

Polymorphism of heterochromatin C-blocks in chromosomes of rye genome has been studied in the F1BC1 hybrids and the D/A substitution lines of rye-wheat amphidiploids (Verasen x L374, Novosibirskaya x x L246)--secalotriticum for revealing cytogenetic markers of rye chromosomes. An increase in polymorphism for the presence and value of heterochromatin blocks in chromosomes of rye genome was shown in the F1BC1 hybrids ((Verasen x L374) x L145 x L145) and unstable genotypes of the F6BC1 chromosome substitution lines (line 118 (Novosibirskaya x L246) x Reso x Reso), line 104 ((Verasen x x L374) x Garmoniya x Garmoniya) that was related to activation of mobile genetic elements present in cereals. Heterochromatin markers of all seven chromosomes in rye genome were revealed. The polymorphism system of heterochromatin blocks may serve as a marker for specificity of the linear chromosome structure during reconstruction of synthetic cereal genomes, and as a test for cytological and morphogenetic stability of hybrid polygenomes in a series of generations.