Microwave spectroscopy was used to probe the superfluid-Mott insulator transition of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a three-dimensional optical lattice. By using density-dependent transition frequency shifts, we were able to spectroscopically distinguish sites with different occupation numbers and to directly image sites with occupation numbers from one to five, revealing the shell structure of the Mott insulator phase. We used this spectroscopy to determine the onsite interaction and lifetime for individual shells.
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Article Synopsis
- The study explores strong pairing mechanisms in many-body physics, particularly through a Feshbach perspective, focusing on interactions in Fermi-Hubbard models related to doped Mott insulators.
- It theorizes the presence of a low-energy excited state of two holes that facilitates near-resonant interactions, which aligns with observed behaviors in cuprate materials.
- The authors propose experimental methods like cARPES and pair-tunneling measurements to test their theories, suggesting a link between emergent Feshbach resonances and superconductivity in antiferromagnetic Mott insulators.
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