Standardization of surgical procedure for pancreatic cancer has been recognized to be necessary and important these days. Recent studies appear to exhibit efficacy of the adjuvant chemoradiation therapy before or after pancreatic surgery. In this study, we examined the standard surgery as part of the multidisciplinary treatment for pancreatic cancer. Invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas was resected in 121 patients in our institution from 1992 through 2005. We stopped performing an extended lymphadenectomy with pancreatectomy in 2003, but the survival rates were not significantly different between the cases before and after 2003. We usually resect half of the nerve plexus around the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) as a standard procedure. When we achieved the microscopically curative resection (R0) even if the plexus around SMA or the portal vein was invaded, there were a few long survivors for more than five years. The R0 resection is the most important factor for prolonged survival. Pancreatectomy including removal of regional lymph nodes (D2) and half of the nerve plexus around SMA and combined resection of the infiltrated portal vein is thought to be a standard surgery from the viewpoint of decrease in morbidity and maintenance of curability.
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