The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dermal microdialysis (DMD) sampling and the dermatopharmacokinetic method when employed simultaneously for bioequivalence (BE) investigations of topical formulations. Topical lidocaine cream and ointment (both 5%) was investigated in eight healthy human volunteers (four male, four female). On one forearm, four microdialysis probes in two penetration areas sampled for 5 hours, and on the other arm, tape stripping was performed 30 and 120 minutes after product application. Lidocaine content in samples was analyzed by HPLC-mass spectrometry. The two methods were in agreement showing 3- to 5-fold higher lidocaine penetration from cream formulation than from ointment. A rank-order correlation between the two methods was demonstrated for lidocaine contents in microdialysates versus tape strip at 120 minutes, significant for the ointment formulation and for both formulations analyzed together. Analysis of variance demonstrated reproducible lidocaine concentrations in microdialysates with an intrasubject variability of 19% between probes and 20% between the two penetration areas. Thus, intersubject variability accounted for 61% of the variance. DMD sampling proved effective and variability analyses demonstrated the feasibility of BE studies in as little as 18 subjects.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jid.5700495 | DOI Listing |
Aesthet Surg J Open Forum
December 2024
Hyaluronic acid fillers rarely cause potentially devastating occlusive adverse events that require immediate hyaluronidase salvage infiltrations. An exploratory photographic investigation probed whether topical heparin's anticlotting and anti-inflammatory properties could synergize with and enhance the effectiveness of hyaluronidase. Based on heparin pharmacodynamics, the authors explored the rationale for associating topical heparins with hyaluronidase in treating occlusive side effects following accidental intra-arterial hyaluronic acid injections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm
January 2025
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 51006 China. Electronic address:
Androgenic alopecia (AGA), the most prevalent type of progressive hair loss, currently lacks an effective topical treatment regimen. In this study, we synthesized an ionic liquid (IL) to co-solubilize minoxidil (MXD) and finasteride (FIN) and subsequently formulated them into an in situ thermosensitive ionic liquid/cyclodextrin/poloxamer hydrogel (ICPG), termed M + F@ICPG. M + F@ICPG was developed for the transdermal co-delivery of these two drugs, aiming to provide a multipath therapeutic approach for AGA while avoiding the adverse effects commonly associated with oral FIN and topical MXD tincture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) is involved in the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines that mediate several chronic inflammatory disorders, including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In recent years, the therapeutic armamentarium in dermatology has expanded with the introduction of PDE4 inhibitors, both in oral and topical formulations. PDE4 inhibitors have gained increasing interest due to their remarkable safety record and ease of prescription, as evidenced by the recent influx of literature detailing its off-label uses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
: Since 2008, following clinical studies conducted on children that revealed the ability of the β-adrenergic antagonist propranolol to inhibit capillary growth in infantile hemangiomas (IHs), its oral administration has become the first-line treatment for IHs. Although oral propranolol therapy at a dosage of 3 mg/kg/die is effective, it can cause systemic adverse reactions. This therapy is not necessarily applicable to all patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
Spironolactone (SP), an aldosterone inhibitor widely used to treat androgen-dependent disorders such as acne, hirsutism, and alopecia, has demonstrated therapeutic potential in both oral and topical formulations. However, SP's low solubility and poor bioavailability in conventional formulations have driven the development of novel nanocarriers to enhance its efficacy. This review systematically examines recent advancements in SP-loaded nanocarriers, including lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), vesicular nanoparticles (VNPs), polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), and nanofibers (NFs).
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