Aim: To observe neuroprotective effects of raw and roasted licorice against hypoxia and ischemic damage.
Methods: When elucidating the protective effects of raw and roasted licorice, we analyzed the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release using PC12 cells after hypoxia in an in vitro study and after transient forebrain ischemia in an in vivo study on Mongolian gerbils.
Results: Raw and roasted licorice significantly reduced LDH release from PC12 cells exposed to an hypoxic chamber for 1 h. In the roasted licorice-treated group, the decrease of LDH release was more pronounced compared to that of the raw licorice-treated group. In roasted licorice-treated animals, approximately 66%-71% of CA1 pyramidal cells in the ischemic hippocampus were stained with cresyl violet compared to the control group. However, in the raw licorice-treated animals, no significant neuroprotection against ischemic damage was shown. In addition, ischemic animals in roasted licorice-treated group maintained the Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity and protein levels compared to the control group, while in raw licorice-treated group SOD1 activity and protein levels were reduced significantly. High pressure liquid chromatography analysis showed that non-polar compounds containing glycyrrhizin-degraded products, such as glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and glycyrrhetinic acid monoglucuronide (GM), were increased in roasted licorice.
Conclusion: Roasted licorice had neuroprotective effects against ischemic damage by maintaining the SOD1 levels. In addition, the difference in protective ability between raw and roasted licorice may be associated with non-polar compounds, such as GA and GM.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7254.2006.00346.x | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Exploring the effective components of honey-processed licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) in attenuating Doxorubicin-induced myocardial cytotoxicity by combining network pharmacology and in vitro experiments.
J Ethnopharmacol
July 2024
School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Licorice, specifically honey-processed licorice (HPL), is known for its stronger cardioprotective effects compared to raw licorice, though the exact mechanisms are still unclear.
- The study aims to identify the specific compounds in HPL that contribute to heart protection and predict their mechanisms of action.
- Six key compounds from HPL were identified, showing strong potential in enhancing cell viability and reducing damage from doxorubicin, with pathways like PI3K-Akt being significant in their action.
Tracking the effect of roasting and fermentation on the metabolites of licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) using UPLC-MS analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
BMC Complement Med Ther
November 2023
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alkhartoom square, Egypt, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
Background: Roasting, honey-roasting and fermentation are the most common pre-processing procedures of licorice roots. They were shown to noticeably change the composition of extracts. In this work, the common alterations in licorice secondary metabolites by processing were interpreted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-arrhythmia potential of honey-processed licorice in zebrafish model: Antioxidant, histopathological and tissue distribution.
J Ethnopharmacol
November 2023
School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. Electronic address:
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Honey-processed licorice (HPL) is the roasted product of licorice. It is recorded in the "Shang Han Lun" that licorice has better protection on heart after honey-processed. However, researches regarding its protective effect on the heart and the distribution of HPL in vivo are still limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Rapid quality evaluation of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle based on color digitization and multi-component determination].
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
December 2022
School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China.
To explore the color value changes after processing and further explore the correlations between color values and internal components, we established a rapid evaluation method for the quality of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle. In this study, the color values of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle were digitized by a spectrophotometer, and the standard ranges of color values of the two herbal medicines were established. Further, a discriminant analysis model was established to quickly and accurately distinguish the two herbal medicines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntioxidant Effects of Roasted Licorice in a Zebrafish Model and Its Mechanisms.
Molecules
November 2022
The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China.
Licorice (Gan-Cao, licorice) is a natural antioxidant and roasted licorice is the most common processing specification used in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. Traditional Chinese medicine theory deems that the honey-roasting process can promote the efficacy of licorice, including tonifying the spleen and augmenting "Qi" (energy). The antioxidant activity and mechanisms underlying roasted licorice have not yet been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!