Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the lipid profile of patients taking clozapine.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the lipid-lowering properties of omega-3 fatty acids (also known as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) in a group of patients taking clozapine.

Method: Twenty-eight persons suffering from schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and currently taking clozapine participated in an open-label single-arm trial. Participants received supplements of 10 g of fish oil (containing 1.8 g of eicosopentaenoic acid and 1.2 g of docosahexaenoic acid) for a period of 28 days. Plasma lipids were measured on days 0 and 28.

Results: This study demonstrated high rates of lipid abnormalities in the participants. Participants taking omega-3 fatty acids demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in mean serum triglyceride levels of 22%. There was an associated increase in total cholesterol (6.6%) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (22%). Common side-effects included fishy burps or breath, but no serious side-effects or interactions where observed.

Conclusion: Omega-3 fatty acids may be of value in patients taking clozapine and who have elevated serum triglyceride levels. Limitations of the study, practical implications and directions for future research are discussed.