Cardiac procedures in lung transplant recipients do not increase mortality in selected patients.

Background: Associated comorbidities in potential lung transplant recipients may significantly impact operative morbidity and mortality. We undertook this review to specifically study whether patients who underwent associated cardiac procedures either before (as a prerequisite) or during their lung transplantation had different outcomes when compared with the overall cohort of lung transplant recipients.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of all patients who underwent lung transplantation at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio from January 1994 to June 2004. The records of these patients were analyzed for patient-days on the ventilator, hospital length of stay, operative morbidity and mortality, and long-term survival. The patients were then divided into two groups and compared: patients who had a cardiac intervention either prerequisite to or concurrent with their transplant (group C, n = 13) and patients who did not (group NC [no cardiac intervention], n = 120).

Results: Although the median length of stay was longer in group C when compared with group NC, the number of patient-days on the ventilator and the operative morbidity and mortality were similar for both groups. Likewise, overall long-term survival was not significantly different (Kaplan-Meier method, p = 0.70).

Conclusions: Patients who are otherwise deemed to be good candidates for lung transplantation but are found to have an associated cardiac condition that could adversely affect their candidacy may still be considered for transplantation in selected cases if the cardiac abnormality can be addressed either before or during transplantation.