Brain protection is crucial during neonatal and pediatric cardiac surgery. The major methods for brain protection are the administration of steroids and deep hypothermia. Therefore, we have investigated the impact of methylprednisolone (MP) administration and deep hypothermia on neonatal mouse astrocytes, neurons and BV-2 microglia cells. Brain cells were pretreated with MP (100 mM) and incubated according to a deep hypothermia protocol mimicking temperature changes during cardiac surgery in children: deep hypothermia (2 h at 17 degrees C, phase 1), slow rewarming (2 h up to 37 degrees C, phase 2), and normothermia (20 h at 37 degrees C, phase 3). In all brain-related cell types cytotoxicity was investigated as well as the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), which plays a major role in neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. Deep hypothermia induces substantial cytotoxicity and the secretion of IL-6 by astrocytes, BV-2 microglia cells and neurons. MP administration has no influence on the cell survival and IL-6 release of normothermic astrocytes, BV-2 microglia cells and neurons, while hypothermia-induced cytotoxicity and IL-6 secretion are significantly suppressed by MP. These data suggest that MP increases cell survival after deep hypothermia but also suppresses important neuroprotective and regenerative processes induced by IL-6. Hence, more specific immune modulation than that provided by MP may be needed to protect the brain during neonatal and pediatric cardiac surgery.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2006.05.064 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Phosphorylation state of Akt in the heart during artificial deep hypothermia in Syrian hamsters.
J Vet Med Sci
December 2024
Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University.
Article Synopsis
- Hibernating animals can significantly lower their body temperature without damaging their organs, potentially due to active hypometabolism.
- Researchers studied the phosphorylation of Akt to see if metabolism decreases during artificial hypothermia in hamsters.
- They found that while hypothermia through adenosine A1 receptor activation decreased Akt phosphorylation significantly, anesthesia-induced hypothermia showed only partial reduction without organ damage, indicating both methods allow for regulated metabolic reduction.
Treating deep sternal wound infection with pectoralis major flap transposition: a systemic factor analysis of efficacy and safety.
J Thorac Dis
November 2024
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Article Synopsis
- - Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) is a serious complication after cardiac surgery, and while various treatments exist, many have limitations; thus, the study explores pectoralis major flap transposition (PMFT) as a potential effective method.
- - A study of 785 DSWI patients treated with PMFT found that 90.3% healed successfully, while 9.7% experienced delayed healing or death; additional risk factors for poorer outcomes included diabetes, obesity, and a history of smoking.
- - The results suggest that PMFT is a safe treatment option for DSWI, but patients with specific risk factors should be monitored closely, and further research is recommended to better understand these relationships.
The Role of Dapagliflozin in the Modulation of Hypothermia and Renal Injury Caused by Septic Shock in Euglycemic and Hyperglycemic Rat Models.
Curr Mol Pharmacol
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Article Synopsis
- Dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, is effective in reducing sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and hypothermia in both normal and diabetic rat models.
- The study showed that dapagliflozin significantly improved kidney function by regulating AKI markers and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, even in non-diabetic subjects.
- These findings suggest potential therapeutic benefits of dapagliflozin beyond its glucose-lowering effects, particularly in preventing kidney damage related to sepsis.
Automated Neuroprognostication Via Machine Learning in Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
Ann Neurol
December 2024
Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a severe brain condition in infants, often leading to death or developmental issues, and MRI is used for prognosis, but with high variability in predictions.
- Researchers developed an automated method to analyze MRI data from 286 infants, incorporating anatomical templates and advanced measurements to enhance outcome predictions.
- The study found that MRI-based analysis could predict neurodevelopmental outcomes more accurately than traditional demographic and lab data alone, indicating that machine learning can significantly improve prognosis for affected infants.
Predictors of Death or Severe Impairment in Neonates With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
JAMA Netw Open
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to predict the likelihood of death or severe neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) who undergo hypothermia treatment.
- The research involved 424 neonates from U.S. neonatal intensive care units, tracking their outcomes up to the age of 2 years, with a focus on clinical indicators taken 24 hours after birth.
- Findings revealed that specific clinical characteristics, including severely abnormal EEG, low pH, and a poor Apgar score, can effectively signal high risk for severe outcomes, offering a high level of specificity and predictive value for clinicians.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!