Recent studies suggest that monocyte activation may play a role in ALS pathogenesis. Therefore, monocyte CCR2, the receptor for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and plasma levels of MCP-1 were measured in 42 sALS patients, 38 healthy and 34 age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) controls. MCP-1 was elevated in both sALS and ARMD patients, but CCR2 levels were significantly decreased on sALS but not on ARMD monocytes. Loss of monocyte CCR2 expression was inversely correlated with degree of monocyte/macrophage activation in sALS and this decrease was unlikely due to receptor down-regulation given the ARMD results. Defective monocyte/macrophages may play an active role in sALS.
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