The conductances of aqueous CaCl2, Ca(CH3COO)2, and Ca(CH3COO)2.nCH3COOH were measured from 348 to 523 K at pressures near 10 MPa using a flow conductometric technique. The first association constant for calcium chloride and the first and second association constants for calcium acetate in water, were derived from a least-squares fit of the measurements to a conductance model in which activity coefficients were calculated using the mean spherical approximation (MSA) and the conductance was modeled by the Turq, Blum, Bernard, and Kunz (TBBK) equation, plus a mixture model.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp051802p | DOI Listing |
J Electr Bioimpedance
January 2024
Agrotechlink, Joinville, Brazil.
The conductive polymeric electrodes using 3D printing are an innovative material development with the advantage of the flexibility of integrating isolated polymers with a higher electrical conductivity of carbon-based materials, generating new possibilities in environmental, healthcare, and food monitoring. Based on the morphology, geometric arrangement, and dielectric properties of the composites, the performance of the electrodes is improved. Structural designs are optimized to enhance functionalities such as adhesion, catalytic activity, and the reduction of interface energy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
December 2024
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P. R. China.
Hydrophobic association polymers containing various functional groups have a great deal of application potential as a self-thickening agent in carbonate acidification, while the improvement of their viscosification ability under high temperature conditions remains a significant challenge. A kind of betaine-type hydrophobic association polymer (PASD) intended for use as an acid thickener was synthesized through aqueous solution polymerization with sulfobetaine and a soluble hydrophobic monomer. The structure of PASD was characterized by FT-IR and H NMR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemosphere
December 2024
Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, 250013, China. Electronic address:
Both perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) are emerging contaminants commonly found in aqueous environments. In co-contaminated areas, MPs may act as carriers for PFOA, complicating transport dynamics. However, information on their cotransport in porous media is limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
November 2024
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece.
A hybrid alginate hydrogel-chitosan nanoparticle system suitable for biomedical applications was prepared. Chitosan (CS) was used as a matrix for the encapsulation of lavender () essential oil (LEO) and Mentha () essential oil (MEO). An aqueous solution of an acidic Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES), namely choline chloride/ascorbic acid in a 2:1 molar ratio, was used to achieve the acidic environment for the dissolution of chitosan and also played the role of the ionic gelator for the preparation of the chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Methods
November 2024
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Due to plasma quenching caused by the dense water medium, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) faces challenges such as strong continuous background radiation and weak and broadened characteristic spectral lines when directly detecting metal elements in liquids. In this work, we introduced a simple approach to improve underwater LIBS signals with a solid substrate-assisted method, which requires no sample pre-treatment and simple operation and thus has potential for marine applications. In this method, four submerged solid substrates (Zn, Cu, Ni, and Si) were employed to investigate the breakdown characteristics of underwater LIBS and the mechanism of spectral enhancement by using a CaCl solution.
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