AI Article Synopsis
- The impact of HIV-1 subtype on how patients respond to antiretroviral therapy is not fully understood, particularly regarding how different subtypes may affect clinical outcomes.
- Natural genetic variations in non-B subtypes can be linked to drug resistance, potentially altering how well treatments work and how the virus replicates.
- The ways that different HIV-1 clades develop drug resistance and affect testing methods for resistance are still under discussion, which helps explain why treatment responses can differ among people with different subtypes of the virus.
Article Abstract
The impact of HIV-1 subtype on clinical outcome following exposure to antiretroviral therapy is currently not well known. Natural polymorphisms are often present in HIV-1 non-B subtypes at positions known to be associated with drug resistance in clade B viruses. These changes might influence the emergence of drug-resistant viruses, modifying drug susceptibility and/or the virus replicative capacity. Moreover, different pathways may lead to drug resistance according to HIV-1 clade. Finally, the influence of subtype on the performance of phenotypic assays and in the interpretation of algorithms for genotypic resistance is currently a matter of debate. All these aspects explain why the response to antiretroviral therapy might vary in subjects infected with different HIV-1 clades.
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